GCS
Company Details
Linkedin ID:
googlecloudsecurity
Employees number:
464
Number of followers:
50,322
NAICS:
541514
Industry Type:
Homepage:
google.com
IP Addresses:
0
Company ID:
GOO_3136728
Scan Status:
In-progress
Google Cloud Security Company CyberSecurity Posture
google.com
With comprehensive cybersecurity solutions, organizations can address their tough security challenges with many of the same capabilities Google uses to keep more people and organizations safe online than anyone else in the world. Experience Mandiant frontline intelligence and expertise, a modern, intel-driven security operations platform, a secure-by-design cloud foundation, and more — all supercharged by AI.
Google Cloud Security A.I CyberSecurity Scoring
GCS Risk Score (AI oriented)Between 0 and 549
GCS
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GCS
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GCS Company CyberSecurity News & History
Past Incidents
14
Attack Types
3
Google (Gmail users)
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: A dataset containing **183 million Gmail credentials** was publicly disclosed, but it was not the result of a new breach of Google’s systems. Instead, the credentials were aggregated over time via **infostealer malware** infecting users' devices, harvesting stored passwords from browsers, and active logins. The dataset included unique email-password pairs along with the domains where they were used, compiled from criminal data-sharing channels (primarily Telegram). While most credentials were stale or from legacy breaches, a subset represented newly stolen data from ongoing infections.The incident highlights a persistent, automated ecosystem where credentials are continuously exfiltrated, traded, and weaponized for **credential-stuffing attacks**. Attackers exploit password reuse across services, targeting corporate portals, VPNs, and cloud systems. Though Google’s infrastructure remained uncompromised, the exposure underscores systemic risks from **end-user endpoint infections** and third-party breaches. The lack of real-time monitoring leaves organizations vulnerable to automated attacks leveraging fresh credential dumps before manual remediation cycles can respond.The case emphasizes the need for **continuous password monitoring** to detect and neutralize exposed credentials in real time, rather than relying on periodic scans or reactive measures triggered by headlines. The aggregated data, while not a direct breach, fuels ongoing attack campaigns against both personal and enterprise accounts.
Google (Gmail)
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: Google confirmed that while there was **no new Gmail data breach**, compromised security credentials (including passwords obtained from past leaks or phishing) are being exploited by hackers to gain unauthorized access to user accounts. The company emphasized that attackers are intensifying **phishing and credential theft** (accounting for **37% of successful intrusions**), alongside an **84% rise in infostealer malware** targeting authentication tokens and cookies. Although no fresh mass leak occurred, Google urged users to **reset passwords** if found in breach databases and adopt **passkeys**—a phishing-resistant alternative—as the default login method. The risk stems from reused or weak passwords enabling account takeovers, potentially exposing **personal emails, sensitive communications, or linked services** (e.g., Google Drive, YouTube). While no direct data exfiltration was reported, the **ongoing credential abuse** poses risks of **unauthorized access, identity theft, or downstream attacks** (e.g., MFA bypass via stolen session cookies). Google’s push for passkeys (which saw a **352% adoption surge**) mitigates but doesn’t eliminate risks for users relying solely on passwords or SMS-based 2FA.
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: Google disclosed a data breach involving a **Salesforce database** used internally to manage potential advertisers. The breach was executed by the hacker group **ShinyHunters**, who impersonated an IT help desk employee to deploy malware and extract **business contact information** (e.g., company and customer names). While no **personal Gmail credentials or sensitive consumer data** were exposed, the stolen data fueled a surge in **highly targeted phishing and vishing (voice phishing) attacks**, accounting for **37% of successful account takeovers** across Google platforms. The attackers also compromised **OAuth tokens** for the *Drift Email* integration, prompting Google to revoke access and disable the Salesforce-Gmail connection to prevent further spread. Though the breach was contained to Salesforce and did not directly compromise Google Workspace or Alphabet, the leaked business data enabled **sophisticated social engineering scams**, increasing risks for users. Google advised password updates, non-SMS 2FA, and migration to **passkeys** (biometric authentication) as mitigation. No timeline for further disclosures was provided, but analysts anticipate **ongoing attacks** leveraging the exposed data.
Google (via Salesforce third-party breach)
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: Google issued an urgent warning after a **major third-party breach** in Salesforce’s cloud platform exposed billions of Gmail users to cyberattacks. The breach, linked to the threat group **ShinyHunters (UNC6040)**, involved **social engineering (vishing)**—hackers impersonated IT support to steal login credentials, leading to **multiple successful intrusions** by August 2024. Initially dismissed as 'basic business data,' the stolen information is now being weaponized for **extortion and potential data leaks** via a planned **Data Leak Site (DLS)**. Attackers primarily targeted **English-speaking employees of global organizations**, exploiting dangling Cloud Storage buckets to **hijack deleted bucket names, inject malware, or steal customer data**.Google confirmed its own systems remained secure but warned of escalating risks, including **account takeovers, phishing, and credential stuffing attacks** affecting ~2.5 billion Gmail/Google Cloud users. While no direct financial or large-scale data theft was confirmed, the breach **compromised user trust, heightened phishing risks, and exposed vulnerabilities in third-party integrations**. Google notified affected users (Aug. 8) and urged **2FA adoption, password updates, and vigilance against suspicious links**—though only ~33% of users regularly change passwords, leaving many exposed to follow-up attacks.
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: Google suffered a prolonged insider breach orchestrated by a contractor with privileged access to sensitive systems. Over several weeks, the contractor unauthorizedly captured nearly **2,000 screenshots** and exfiltrated **critical internal files**, including proprietary details on the **Play Store infrastructure** and its security guardrails designed to prevent malicious software distribution. The stolen data was transmitted to an external party, exposing vulnerabilities in one of Google’s core revenue drivers. The breach, driven by potential financial incentives or coercion, underscores risks tied to third-party access and insider threats. While Google initiated forensic investigations, notified authorities, and is auditing contractor vetting processes, the incident raises concerns about **supply chain security**, **regulatory compliance**, and **trust erosion** in its app ecosystem. Though no direct user data compromise was confirmed, the exposure of security protocols could enable adversaries to exploit app vulnerabilities or launch sophisticated attacks. The breach has triggered internal policy reviews, including stricter **access controls**, **AI-driven anomaly detection**, and **multi-factor authentication** for contractors.
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with customers data leaks
Description: Google has highlighted a persistent global surge in scams driven by transnational crime groups, including Chinese organized gangs, exploiting AI tools to scale phishing attacks via malicious texts, imposter calls, and fraudulent pop-ups. While no direct breach of Google’s systems was reported, **183 million Gmail passwords were exposed via infostealer malware**, and a separate compilation listed **394 million unique Gmail addresses** in breached credential datasets. These exposed credentials—often reused across platforms—pose severe risks due to Google’s dominance as a Single Sign-On (SSO) provider, powering 90% of SSO options on top websites. Compromised Google accounts enable cascading attacks on linked services (e.g., financial institutions, social media), with **86% of web application attacks leveraging stolen credentials for initial access**. The vulnerability stems from systemic password mismanagement (e.g., reuse, weak enforcement by websites) and the lack of passkey adoption, despite Google’s 352% yearly increase in passkey usage. Though Google advocates for passkeys to mitigate phishing and credential stuffing, the sheer volume of exposed Gmail credentials—combined with SSO’s broad attack surface—creates a high-risk scenario for mass account takeovers, financial fraud, and downstream breaches across interconnected platforms. The threat is amplified by AI-enhanced scams, with **57% of adults experiencing scams in the past year (23% losing money)**, signaling a systemic failure in traditional authentication security.
Google (Gmail users)
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with customers data leaks
Description: A massive credential leak exposed **183 million email passwords**, including millions from Gmail accounts, via **infostealer malware campaigns** monitored over nearly a year. The breach, surfacing on *Have I Been Pwned* (October 2025), stems from malware-infected user devices—not a direct Gmail server compromise—though **16.4 million email addresses** were newly exposed. The dataset (3.5TB, 23 billion records) includes **active passwords, URLs, and login credentials** harvested from infected machines, heightening risks of **credential stuffing attacks** across platforms. While Google denied a 'Gmail breach,' the leaked data—validated by affected users—originated from malware like **RedLine, Vidar, and Racoon**, spread via phishing, malicious downloads, or compromised extensions. Researchers warn of an **800% surge in stolen credentials** in early 2025, with peak daily thefts reaching **600 million records**. Users were urged to enable **two-step verification and passkeys** to mitigate risks.
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with customers data leaks
Description: A sophisticated phishing attack targeted Google earlier this year, orchestrated by the hacking group **ShinyHunters**. The attackers tricked a Google employee into downloading malware via a deceptive email, granting them unauthorized access to the company’s internal systems. This breach led to a raid on Google’s **Salesforce database**, exposing sensitive corporate data belonging to high-profile clients, including **Cisco, Louis Vuitton, and Adidas**. While Google confirmed that regular Gmail user data remained uncompromised, the incident highlighted the escalating threat of **credential-based attacks** exploiting weak authentication measures. The breach underscored vulnerabilities in single-factor authentication, as the hackers leveraged legitimate employee credentials to infiltrate systems. The stolen data included proprietary business information, though the full scope of the leak—such as whether customer or financial records were exposed—was not publicly detailed. The attack demonstrated the growing sophistication of phishing tactics, compounded by the potential for AI-driven social engineering in future cyber threats. Security experts, including **Damien Fortune (CEO of Syntriqs)**, emphasized the critical need for **multi-factor authentication (MFA)** to mitigate such risks, noting that attackers exploit gaps where legacy security protocols fail to adapt to evolving threats. The breach served as a stark reminder of how even tech giants remain vulnerable to human-error-driven cyber intrusions, with cascading consequences for partner organizations.
Cyber Attack
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack limited on finance or reputation
Description: Hackers from the group *Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters* (linked to Shiny Hunters, Scattered Spider, and Lapsus$) created a **fraudulent account** in Google’s **Law Enforcement Request System (LERS)**, a platform used by global law enforcement to submit data requests (subpoenas, court orders, emergency disclosures). While **no requests were made** and **no data was accessed**, the unauthorized account posed a severe risk of **impersonating law enforcement** to extract sensitive user data. The group also claimed breaches of the **FBI’s eCheck system** and taunted Google, Mandiant, and the FBI before announcing a temporary retreat. Their prior attacks involved **social engineering** (tricking employees into exposing Salesforce data via Data Loader) and **GitHub secret leaks** (exploiting exposed tokens in Salesloft’s repositories), affecting major corporations like Adidas, Cisco, and Louis Vuitton. Though Google disabled the fraudulent account, the incident highlights vulnerabilities in high-stakes systems used for legal data requests, risking **future abuse for unauthorized data extraction** or **reputational damage** due to the group’s public threats.
Cyber Attack
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack limited on finance or reputation
Description: A hacking collective identifying itself as **Scattered LapSus Hunters**—a coalition of members from **Scattered Spider, LapSus$, and ShinyHunters**—has threatened to leak Google’s internal databases unless the company terminates two employees: **Austin Larsen and Charles Carmakal**, both part of Google’s **Threat Intelligence Group**. The group also demanded Google halt its investigations into their network. While no direct evidence of a breach into Google’s systems was provided, the threat follows a confirmed incident in **August 2023**, where **ShinyHunters** (a subgroup within the collective) exfiltrated data from **Salesforce**, a third-party vendor used by Google. The attack appears to be a **targeted extortion attempt**, leveraging reputational pressure and potential operational disruption. Although no Google-owned data has been confirmed as compromised, the threat exploits prior third-party vulnerabilities to coerce compliance. The involvement of **Google Threat Intelligence Group**—a team focused on countering cyber threats—suggests the attackers aim to undermine Google’s defensive capabilities while exploiting media exposure for leverage. The lack of immediate data leaks or system infiltrations keeps the direct impact speculative, but the reputational risk and operational strain (e.g., potential internal investigations, PR fallout) remain significant.
Google Cloud
Vulnerability
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack without any consequences
Description: In a comprehensive analysis of nearly five million internet-exposed assets, Google Cloud-hosted services showed 38% of assets with at least one security issue, more than double AWS’s 15% rate. Moreover, 5.35% of Google Cloud assets contained vulnerabilities deemed easy to exploit by attackers, driven by both misconfigurations and known software flaws. Although no widespread data theft or severe breaches have been reported to date, this high exposure rate leaves customer workloads susceptible to unauthorized access, potential data exposure, and service disruptions. Critical issues, while less common at 0.04%, combined with easily exploitable vulnerabilities could allow attackers to pivot through cloud environments, potentially undermining trust and disrupting business operations. Left unaddressed, these vulnerabilities may result in unexpected downtime, compliance violations, and reputational harm as security incidents attract media attention and scrutiny from regulatory bodies. The complexity of multi-cloud deployments further exacerbates the challenge, with overlooked assets and shadow IT creating additional attack surface. Security teams must prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries.
Vulnerability
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack limited on finance or reputation
Description: Google released an urgent security update for its Chrome browser to patch **CVE-2025-12036**, a high-severity vulnerability in the **V8 JavaScript engine** that could allow **remote code execution (RCE)** on affected systems. The flaw, classified as an *‘inappropriate implementation in V8’*, was discovered by Google’s **AI-powered Big Sleep project** on October 15, 2025. V8 is a critical component handling JavaScript execution in Chrome and Chromium-based browsers, making it a prime target for exploitation.Successful exploitation could enable attackers to **compromise user systems, steal sensitive data, or deploy malicious payloads** (e.g., malware, ransomware, or spyware). While no active exploits were reported at disclosure, the high-severity rating underscores the potential for **widespread abuse** if left unpatched. Google deployed the fix within **six days** via Chrome versions **141.0.7390.122/123** (Windows/Mac/Linux), urging users to update immediately. The vulnerability’s technical details remain restricted to prevent reverse-engineering by threat actors until most users apply the patch.The incident highlights the risks of **supply-chain vulnerabilities** in widely used software, where a single flaw in a core component (like V8) can expose **millions of users** to attacks ranging from data theft to system takeover. Google’s proactive use of **AI-driven security tools** (e.g., AddressSanitizer, libFuzzer) mitigated the risk, but unpatched systems remain at high risk of exploitation.
Vulnerability
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack limited on finance or reputation
Description: Google recently addressed a critical zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-13223) in its Chrome browser’s V8 JavaScript engine, marking the third such incident in recent months. The flaw, rated 'high' with a CVSS score of 8.8, was actively exploited in the wild before an emergency out-of-band patch was released on Monday. Discovered by Clément Lecigne of Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG), the vulnerability posed a significant risk, potentially allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code, compromise user data, or escalate privileges on affected systems. While no specific data breaches or direct financial losses were reported, the exploitation of such a high-severity flaw in a widely used browser like Chrome could have led to large-scale attacks, including phishing, malware distribution, or unauthorized access to sensitive user information. The proactive patching mitigated immediate risks, but the incident underscores the persistent threats posed by zero-day exploits in widely deployed software, which can undermine user trust and expose millions to cyber threats if left unaddressed.
Vulnerability
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with customers data leaks
Description: Google’s Vulnerability Rewards Program (VRP) faced inefficiencies due to a flood of low-value bug reports, diverting security team resources from critical threats. Before July 2024, the program struggled with a high volume of low-severity submissions, straining triage and remediation efforts. While the program aimed to uncover high-impact vulnerabilities, the lack of targeted incentives led to an imbalance—skilled researchers prioritized easier, lower-tier bugs, and new contributors often submitted minimal or irrelevant findings. After restructuring payouts in July 2024—with up to a **200% increase for Tier 0 (most severe) vulnerabilities**—Google observed a **tripling of critical bug reports**, but the shift also revealed systemic risks. The delay in addressing this imbalance had already allowed potential **high-severity vulnerabilities (e.g., zero-days, authentication bypasses, or data exfiltration paths)** to remain undetected longer than necessary. Competitors or malicious actors could have exploited these gaps, leading to **unauthorized access, data breaches, or systemic compromises** had the program not adapted. The initial misalignment in rewards effectively **masked critical risks**, leaving Google exposed to attacks that could have escalated to **organizational disruption or reputational damage** if unmitigated.
GCS Company Scoring based on AI Models
Cyber Incidents Likelihood 3 - 6 - 9 months
A.I Risk Score Likelihood 3 - 6 - 9 months
Underwriter Stats for GCS
Incidents vs Computer and Network Security Industry Average (This Year)
Google Cloud Security has 2073.91% more incidents than the average of same-industry companies with at least one recorded incident.
Incidents vs All-Companies Average (This Year)
Google Cloud Security has 1462.5% more incidents than the average of all companies with at least one recorded incident.
Incident Types GCS vs Computer and Network Security Industry Avg (This Year)
Google Cloud Security reported 10 incidents this year: 1 cyber attacks, 0 ransomware, 3 vulnerabilities, 6 data breaches, compared to industry peers with at least 1 incident.
Incident History — GCS (X = Date, Y = Severity)
GCS cyber incidents detection timeline including parent company and subsidiaries
GCS Company Subsidiaries
With comprehensive cybersecurity solutions, organizations can address their tough security challenges with many of the same capabilities Google uses to keep more people and organizations safe online than anyone else in the world. Experience Mandiant frontline intelligence and expertise, a modern, intel-driven security operations platform, a secure-by-design cloud foundation, and more — all supercharged by AI.
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GCS CyberSecurity News
November 12, 2025 08:00 AM
AI is forcing boards to rethink how they govern security
Boards are rethinking cybersecurity as a core business strategy, focusing on AI governance, risk management, and edge defense.
November 10, 2025 08:00 AM
Google Cloud’s Cybersecurity Forecast 2026 warns of new AI-supplemented threats
The annual report predicts a new era of cyber risk driven by AI-supplemented attacks, ransomware evolution, and the rise of “shadow AI...
November 06, 2025 08:00 AM
Google Forecasts Rise of Cyber-Physical Attacks Targeting Europe in 2026
Europe will likely face a combination of heightened cyber-physical attacks and information operations coming from nation-state groups in...
November 06, 2025 08:00 AM
Cybersecurity Forecast 2026 - Google Warns Threat Actors Use AI to Enhance Speed and Effectiveness
The cybersecurity landscape stands at a critical inflection point as organizations prepare for unprecedented challenges in 2026. Google...
November 05, 2025 08:00 AM
Google clears DOJ antitrust review for $32 billion Wiz acquisition
Alphabet clears DOJ review for Wiz acquisition, marking a major step in strengthening Google Cloud's cybersecurity capabilities.
November 05, 2025 08:00 AM
Google Confirms Wiz Acquisition To Close In 2026; $3.2B Fee On The Line
Google's acquisition of Wiz clears Department of Justice regulatory hurdles, confirms CEO Rappaport, with new Wiz cybersecurity innovation...
November 05, 2025 08:00 AM
Google says 2026 will be the year AI supercharges cybercrime
The Google Cybersecurity Forecast 2026 highlights rising AI-driven threats, expanding cybercrime, and growing nation-state cyber activity.
November 05, 2025 08:00 AM
Google’s $32B Wiz deal gets green light from DOJ
The US Department of Justice has concluded its investigation into Google's acquisition of cybersecurity company Wiz.
November 05, 2025 08:00 AM
DOJ Clears Google's $32B Deal To Buy Cybersecurity Co. Wiz
Google's plan to acquire Wiz for $32 billion and integrate the growing cloud security platform into Google Cloud has cleared the U.S....
Frequently Asked Questions
Explore insights on cybersecurity incidents, risk posture, and Rankiteo's assessments.
GCS CyberSecurity History Information
Official Website of Google Cloud Security
The official website of Google Cloud Security is https://cloud.google.com/security.
Google Cloud Security’s AI-Generated Cybersecurity Score
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security’s AI-generated cybersecurity score is 100, reflecting their Critical security posture.
How many security badges does Google Cloud Security’ have ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security currently holds 0 security badges, indicating that no recognized compliance certifications are currently verified for the organization.
Does Google Cloud Security have SOC 2 Type 1 certification ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security is not certified under SOC 2 Type 1.
Does Google Cloud Security have SOC 2 Type 2 certification ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security does not hold a SOC 2 Type 2 certification.
Does Google Cloud Security comply with GDPR ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security is not listed as GDPR compliant.
Does Google Cloud Security have PCI DSS certification ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security does not currently maintain PCI DSS compliance.
Does Google Cloud Security comply with HIPAA ?
According to Rankiteo, Google Cloud Security is not compliant with HIPAA regulations.
Does Google Cloud Security have ISO 27001 certification ?
According to Rankiteo,Google Cloud Security is not certified under ISO 27001, indicating the absence of a formally recognized information security management framework.
Industry Classification of Google Cloud Security
Google Cloud Security operates primarily in the Computer and Network Security industry.
Number of Employees at Google Cloud Security
Google Cloud Security employs approximately 464 people worldwide.
Subsidiaries Owned by Google Cloud Security
Google Cloud Security presently has no subsidiaries across any sectors.
Google Cloud Security’s LinkedIn Followers
Google Cloud Security’s official LinkedIn profile has approximately 50,322 followers.
NAICS Classification of Google Cloud Security
Google Cloud Security is classified under the NAICS code 541514, which corresponds to Others.
Google Cloud Security’s Presence on Crunchbase
No, Google Cloud Security does not have a profile on Crunchbase.
Google Cloud Security’s Presence on LinkedIn
Yes, Google Cloud Security maintains an official LinkedIn profile, which is actively utilized for branding and talent engagement, which can be accessed here: https://www.linkedin.com/company/googlecloudsecurity.
Cybersecurity Incidents Involving Google Cloud Security
As of November 29, 2025, Rankiteo reports that Google Cloud Security has experienced 14 cybersecurity incidents.
Number of Peer and Competitor Companies
Google Cloud Security has an estimated 2,798 peer or competitor companies worldwide.
What types of cybersecurity incidents have occurred at Google Cloud Security ?
Incident Types: The types of cybersecurity incidents that have occurred include Cyber Attack, Breach and Vulnerability.
How does Google Cloud Security detect and respond to cybersecurity incidents ?
Detection and Response: The company detects and responds to cybersecurity incidents through an remediation measures with continuous monitoring, remediation measures with automated patch management, remediation measures with seedless discovery, and communication strategy with media statement pending (newsweek contacted google for comment), and incident response plan activated with yes (google threat intelligence group monitoring), and containment measures with user notifications (email alerts), containment measures with public advisory, and communication strategy with urgent warning via media (geek spin, fox news), communication strategy with direct user emails, communication strategy with blog post by google cloud, and enhanced monitoring with yes (ongoing by gtig), and and containment measures with revoked oauth tokens for drift email integration, containment measures with disabled gmail-salesloft drift connectivity, containment measures with notified google workspace administrators, and remediation measures with password update recommendations for gmail users, remediation measures with promotion of passkeys (biometric authentication), remediation measures with enhanced phishing detection filters, and communication strategy with global security alert to 2.5b gmail users, communication strategy with official blog post (august 5, 2025), communication strategy with direct notifications to workspace administrators, communication strategy with security help resources (passkey adoption guides), and enhanced monitoring with phishing and vishing attack patterns, and remediation measures with advisory to enable multi-factor authentication (mfa) for critical services, and communication strategy with public disclosure of incident (excluding gmail compromise), communication strategy with expert commentary on mitigation strategies (e.g., mfa), and incident response plan activated with yes (account disabled), and law enforcement notified with likely (fbi declined to comment), and containment measures with disabled fraudulent account, and communication strategy with public statement to bleepingcomputer, communication strategy with article title update to clarify no breach occurred, and third party assistance with academic researchers (harvard, bocconi university, hebrew university), third party assistance with industry experts (intigriti, alvearium associates, upcloud), and communication strategy with public disclosure of study findings, communication strategy with expert commentary (help net security, industry interviews), communication strategy with recommendations for bug bounty program optimization, and and containment measures with urgent patch release (chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123), containment measures with automatic update rollout to users, and remediation measures with patch deployment via chrome's auto-update mechanism, remediation measures with user advisories to manually check/update browser versions, and communication strategy with public security advisory, communication strategy with restricted vulnerability details until majority of users patched, and and and containment measures with forensic investigation, containment measures with internal audit of contractor processes, and remediation measures with enhanced access controls (multi-factor authentication for contractors), remediation measures with ai-driven anomaly detection for screenshot activities, and communication strategy with notification to relevant authorities, communication strategy with internal transparency (likely), and and third party assistance with have i been pwned, third party assistance with synthient, third party assistance with troy hunt, and remediation measures with google advised users to enable two-step verification, remediation measures with adopt passkeys, remediation measures with change compromised passwords, remediation measures with activate multi-factor authentication, and communication strategy with google disputed 'gmail breach' claims via social media, communication strategy with public advisories via have i been pwned and media outlets, and containment measures with public advisory to reset compromised passwords, containment measures with promotion of passkeys as default authentication, and remediation measures with encouraging passkey adoption (352% increase in usage), remediation measures with advocating for non-sms multi-factor authentication (mfa), and recovery measures with user guidance on secure authentication practices, recovery measures with default passkey deployment for personal accounts (october 2023), and communication strategy with public statements denying 'new breach' claims, communication strategy with security advisories via media (forbes, dashlane report), communication strategy with emphasis on proactive security measures, and containment measures with promotion of passkey adoption, containment measures with tightened monitoring of password-based sign-ins, and remediation measures with encouraging users to delete passwords, remediation measures with replacing 2sv with passkeys, remediation measures with advanced protection program integration, and communication strategy with public advisory via media (e.g., fast company), communication strategy with blog posts, communication strategy with user notifications, and enhanced monitoring with increased scrutiny of password fallback sign-ins, and and containment measures with emergency 'out-of-band' patch, and remediation measures with patch for cve-2025-13223, and incident response plan activated with google issued public denial, incident response plan activated with security firms (e.g., synthient) analyzed data sources, and third party assistance with synthient (data collection/analysis), third party assistance with enzoic (continuous password monitoring solutions), and remediation measures with google clarified no breach occurred, remediation measures with security community emphasized need for continuous credential monitoring, remediation measures with recommendations for password hygiene (e.g., avoiding reuse), and communication strategy with google's public statement via cybernews, communication strategy with technical explainers by synthient and cybernews, communication strategy with blog posts (e.g., enzoic) on mitigation strategies, and enhanced monitoring with enzoic's continuous password monitoring solutions..
Incident Details
Can you provide details on each incident ?
Title: Cloud Security Issues in Google Cloud and AWS
Description: A comprehensive analysis of nearly five million internet-exposed assets revealed that 38% of Google Cloud-hosted services had at least one security issue, more than double AWS’s 15% rate. Additionally, 5.35% of Google Cloud assets contained vulnerabilities deemed easy to exploit by attackers, driven by both misconfigurations and known software flaws. Although no widespread data theft or severe breaches have been reported to date, this high exposure rate leaves customer workloads susceptible to unauthorized access, potential data exposure, and service disruptions. Critical issues, while less common at 0.04%, combined with easily exploitable vulnerabilities could allow attackers to pivot through cloud environments, potentially undermining trust and disrupting business operations. Left unaddressed, these vulnerabilities may result in unexpected downtime, compliance violations, and reputational harm as security incidents attract media attention and scrutiny from regulatory bodies. The complexity of multi-cloud deployments further exacerbates the challenge, with overlooked assets and shadow IT creating additional attack surface. Security teams must prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries.
Type: Vulnerability Exploitation
Attack Vector: MisconfigurationKnown Software Flaws
Vulnerability Exploited: Easily Exploitable VulnerabilitiesCritical Issues
Title: Hackers Threaten to Leak Google Databases Unless Employees Are Fired
Description: A hacking group, identifying itself as 'Scattered LapSus Hunters' (a collective of members from Scattered Spider, LapSus, and ShinyHunters), threatened to leak Google databases unless the company fires two employees: Austin Larsen and Charles Carmakal (both part of Google Threat Intelligence Group). The group also demanded the suspension of Google Threat Intelligence Group investigations into their network. No proof of access to Google databases was provided, but the threat follows a prior incident in August where ShinyHunters obtained data from Salesforce, a third-party service provider for Google.
Type: threat
Threat Actor: Scattered LapSus HuntersScattered SpiderLapSusShinyHunters
Motivation: extortiondisruption of investigationsretaliation
Title: Major Third-Party Breach Exposes Billions of Gmail Users to Cyberattacks via Salesforce Cloud Platform
Description: Google issued an urgent warning to Gmail users after a breach in Salesforce’s cloud platform exposed billions of individuals to potential cyberattacks. Hackers, including the group 'ShinyHunters,' used social engineering (e.g., vishing) to trick users into sharing login credentials. The stolen data, initially deemed 'basic,' is now being weaponized for extortion and escalated attacks. Google’s Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) detected the campaign in June 2024, with successful intrusions occurring by August. Affected users were notified on August 8. Separately, Google Cloud customers face 'dangling bucket' attacks, where deleted storage buckets are hijacked to inject malware or steal data.
Date Detected: 2024-06
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2024-08-08
Type: Data Breach
Attack Vector: Vishing (Voice Phishing)Social Engineering (IT Support Impersonation)Stolen Credentials from Third-Party BreachDangling Cloud Storage Buckets
Vulnerability Exploited: Human Trust in IT Support ImpersonationReused/Weak PasswordsUnsecured Deleted Cloud Storage Buckets
Threat Actor: ShinyHuntersUNC6040 (associated with Salesforce breaches)
Motivation: Data ExfiltrationExtortionFinancial GainEscalation via Data Leak Site (DLS)
Title: Google Salesforce Database Breach Leading to Phishing and Vishing Attacks
Description: Google issued a global security alert advising its 2.5 billion Gmail users to update their passwords following a data breach involving one of its Salesforce databases. While consumer Gmail and Cloud accounts were not directly compromised, the stolen business contact details were used in phishing and 'vishing' (voice phishing) campaigns mimicking legitimate Google communications. The breach was attributed to the hacker group ShinyHunters, who impersonated an IT help desk to deploy malware and extract the database contents. Google revoked compromised OAuth tokens for the 'Drift Email' integration and disabled connections between Gmail and Salesforce services to mitigate risks.
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2025-08-05
Type: Data Breach
Attack Vector: Impersonation (IT Help Desk)Malware DeploymentOAuth Token Compromise
Vulnerability Exploited: Human Error (Social Engineering)Weak Authentication for OAuth TokensThird-Party Integration (Drift Email/Salesloft)
Threat Actor: ShinyHunters
Motivation: Financial Gain (Phishing/Scams)Data Exfiltration for ResaleDisruption
Title: Sophisticated Phishing Attack on Google Leading to Data Exposure of Multiple Companies
Description: A phishing attack on Google employees resulted in the compromise of a Salesforce database, exposing information from major companies including Cisco, Louis Vuitton, and Adidas. The hacking group ShinyHunters tricked a Google employee into downloading malware, granting access to sensitive corporate data. While regular Gmail data remained uncompromised, the attack highlighted the growing sophistication of phishing techniques, especially with the advent of AI. The incident underscored the critical need for multi-factor authentication (MFA) to prevent unauthorized access via stolen credentials.
Type: phishing
Attack Vector: email phishingmalware downloadcredential harvesting
Vulnerability Exploited: lack of multi-factor authentication (MFA)human error (employee tricked into clicking malicious link)legitimate credentials misuse
Threat Actor: ShinyHunters
Motivation: financial gaindata theftcorporate espionage
Title: Fraudulent Account Created in Google's Law Enforcement Request System (LERS)
Description: Google confirmed that hackers created a fraudulent account in its Law Enforcement Request System (LERS) platform, which law enforcement uses to submit official data requests. The account was disabled, and no requests were made or data accessed. The threat actor group 'Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters' claimed responsibility, also alleging access to the FBI's eCheck background check system. The group has ties to Shiny Hunters, Scattered Spider, and Lapsus$ extortion groups and has been involved in widespread data theft attacks targeting Salesforce and other major companies.
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2025-09-15
Type: Unauthorized Access
Attack Vector: Fraudulent Account CreationSocial EngineeringCredential Theft
Threat Actor: Scattered Lapsus$ HuntersShiny HuntersScattered SpiderLapsus$
Motivation: Data TheftExtortionDisruptionTaunting Security Researchers
Title: Google Vulnerability Rewards Program (VRP) Study: Impact of Increased Bug Bounty Payouts on Vulnerability Reporting Quality and Quantity
Description: A study conducted by researchers from Harvard, Bocconi University, Hebrew University, and Google Research analyzed the effects of Google's July 2024 decision to increase payouts for Tier 0 (most severe) vulnerabilities by up to 200%. The study found that higher rewards led to a tripling of critical vulnerability reports, a 20% rise in total submissions, and an increase in high-merit submissions (well-documented and actionable). The shift also attracted veteran researchers to focus on high-value targets and brought in a small group of new, highly productive contributors. However, the study highlighted challenges such as resource strain from low-value submissions and competition for skilled researchers among bug bounty programs. Experts emphasized the importance of targeted rewards, researcher engagement, fast triage, and trust-building measures (e.g., recognition, transparency, safe harbor) for long-term program success. The study predates the rise of AI-powered bug-hunting tools, suggesting future research may need to account for automation's impact.
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2024-07-01
Type: Bug Bounty Program Analysis
Motivation: Financial Incentives (Bug Bounty Payouts)Research RecognitionCompetitive Advantage for Researchers
Title: Google Chrome V8 JavaScript Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-12036)
Description: Google has released an urgent security update for its Chrome browser to address a high-severity vulnerability (CVE-2025-12036) in the V8 JavaScript engine that could allow attackers to execute remote code on affected systems. The flaw, classified as an 'inappropriate implementation in V8,' was discovered by Google’s AI-powered Big Sleep project. The vulnerability affects Chrome versions prior to 141.0.7390.122/.123 (Windows/Mac) and 141.0.7390.122 (Linux). Google patched the issue within six days of discovery, emphasizing the urgency due to potential severe consequences like system compromise, data theft, or malicious payload delivery.
Date Detected: 2025-10-15
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2025-10-21
Date Resolved: 2025-10-21
Type: Vulnerability
Attack Vector: Network-based (via malicious JavaScript execution in Chrome)
Vulnerability Exploited: CVE-2025-12036 (Inappropriate implementation in V8 JavaScript engine)
Title: Prolonged Insider Breach at Google Involving Play Store Infrastructure Data Exfiltration
Description: Google experienced a prolonged breach orchestrated by a contractor with privileged access, resulting in the unauthorized capture of nearly 2,000 screenshots and exfiltration of critical internal files. The compromised data included proprietary details on Google’s Play Store infrastructure and security protocols, raising concerns about vulnerabilities in one of Google’s core revenue drivers. The breach underscores risks associated with third-party access and insider threats in highly secure environments.
Type: insider threat
Attack Vector: privileged access abusesocial engineering (possible)screenshot capture
Vulnerability Exploited: inadequate contractor monitoringlack of anomaly detection for screenshot activitiesprivileged access controls
Threat Actor: contractor (identity undisclosed)
Motivation: financial incentives (possible)external coercion (possible)
Title: Massive Exposure of 183 Million Email Passwords via Infostealer Malware Campaigns
Description: A massive collection of 183 million email passwords, including millions from Gmail accounts, was exposed through infostealer malware campaigns. The breach, surfacing on the Have I Been Pwned database on October 21, 2025, represents one of the largest credential leaks of the year. The compromised accounts stem from malware infections on users’ devices rather than a security failure of Gmail’s servers. The dataset, monitored by cybersecurity firm Synthient, includes 3.5 terabytes of information spanning 23 billion records, with 16.4 million email addresses appearing for the first time in breach records. The incident heightens risks for credential stuffing attacks across multiple platforms.
Date Detected: 2025-10-21
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2025-10-21
Type: Data Breach
Attack Vector: Infostealer MalwarePhishing EmailsMalicious Software DownloadsCompromised Browser Extensions
Vulnerability Exploited: User Device Infections (Malware)
Motivation: Financial GainCredential TheftData Exfiltration for Dark Web Sales
Title: Gmail Security Credential Compromise and Passkey Adoption Push
Description: Google confirmed that while there was no new Gmail data breach, compromised security credentials (including passwords and authentication tokens) from prior leaks are being exploited by attackers. The company emphasized the importance of resetting passwords found in large batches and adopting passkeys as a stronger alternative to traditional passwords. Google also reported a 352% increase in passkey authentications over the past year, driven by making passkeys the default login option for personal Google Accounts in October 2023. The incident highlights the ongoing risks of credential theft, phishing, and infostealer malware, with Google advocating for multi-factor authentication (MFA) and passkeys to mitigate account compromises.
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2023-11-03
Type: Credential Stuffing
Attack Vector: Compromised Passwords from Prior BreachesPhishingInfostealers (Malware)Cookie and Authentication Token Theft
Vulnerability Exploited: Weak or Reused PasswordsLack of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)Over-reliance on SMS-based 2FA
Motivation: Account TakeoverData TheftUnauthorized Access
Title: Google Warns of Rising Scams and AI Misuse, Urges Gmail Users to Adopt Passkeys Over Passwords
Description: Google is urging Gmail users to transition from passwords to passkeys due to escalating global scam threats and AI misuse by organized crime groups, including Chinese gangs targeting mobile users with malicious texts. While no direct breach of Google's systems is reported, 394 million unique Gmail addresses were found in a compilation of breached credentials, highlighting the risks of password-based authentication. Google emphasizes passkeys as a phishing-resistant alternative, with adoption surging by 352% in the past year. The company also notes that compromised Google credentials (used for SSO across 39% of top websites) pose broader risks, as 86% of web attacks leverage stolen credentials for initial access.
Date Publicly Disclosed: 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z
Type: Social Engineering
Attack Vector: Phishing EmailsMalicious Text Messages (Smishing)Imposter CallsFraudulent Pop-upsInfostealer Malware
Vulnerability Exploited: Weak/Reused PasswordsLack of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)Single Sign-On (SSO) Dependency
Threat Actor: Transnational Crime GroupsChinese Organized Criminal Gangs
Motivation: Financial Gain
Title: Google Chrome Zero-Day Vulnerability (CVE-2025-13223) in V8 JavaScript Engine
Description: For the third time in recent months, Google has addressed a potentially serious zero-day flaw in the Chrome browser’s V8 JavaScript engine. The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-13223, was discovered by Clément Lecigne of Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG). Evidence suggests the flaw (CVSS score: 8.8, rated 'high') was being exploited in the wild. An emergency 'out-of-band' patch was released on Monday to mitigate the issue.
Date Resolved: 2025-MM-DD (Monday, exact date unspecified)
Type: Zero-day vulnerability
Vulnerability Exploited: CVE-2025-13223 (V8 JavaScript engine flaw)
Title: Aggregated Credential Leak from Infostealer Malware (Misreported as '183 Million Gmail Breach')
Description: A large dataset of 183 million credentials, primarily collected via infostealer malware over time, was misreported as a 'Gmail breach.' The credentials were aggregated from malware logs and legacy breaches, not from a compromise of Google's infrastructure. The incident highlights the ongoing risk of credential theft via infostealers, which harvest login details from infected endpoints and trade them in criminal markets (e.g., Telegram). The dataset included unique email:password pairs with associated domains, emphasizing the need for continuous password monitoring to mitigate credential-stuffing attacks.
Type: Credential Theft
Attack Vector: Infostealer MalwareMalware LogsLegacy Breach DataTelegram Criminal Channels
Vulnerability Exploited: Password ReuseUnpatched EndpointsLack of Continuous Credential MonitoringBrowser-Stored Credentials
Threat Actor: Unknown CybercriminalsInfostealer OperatorsCredential Aggregators
Motivation: Financial GainCredential StuffingFraudAccount Takeover
What are the most common types of attacks the company has faced ?
Common Attack Types: The most common types of attacks the company has faced is Breach.
How does the company identify the attack vectors used in incidents ?
Identification of Attack Vectors: The company identifies the attack vectors used in incidents through Stolen Salesforce Cloud DataVishing Calls (IT Support Impersonation), IT Help Desk Impersonation (Social Engineering), phishing email to Google employee, Fraudulent account creation in LERS platform, privileged contractor access, Phishing EmailsMalicious Software DownloadsCompromised Browser Extensions, Compromised Credentials from Prior BreachesPhishing LinksInfostealer Malware, Phishing LinksMalicious SMSInfostealer Malware and Infostealer malware infections on endpoints.
Impact of the Incidents
What was the impact of each incident ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Systems Affected: Google CloudAWS
Downtime: ['Unexpected Downtime']
Operational Impact: Service DisruptionsBusiness Operations Disruptions
Brand Reputation Impact: Reputational Harm
Legal Liabilities: Compliance Violations
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Brand Reputation Impact: potential (due to public threat and media coverage)
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Data Compromised: Business data (initially 'basic and publicly available'), Login credentials, Potential customer data (via dangling buckets)
Systems Affected: Gmail AccountsGoogle Cloud Storage Buckets
Operational Impact: Increased Phishing/Social Engineering RisksHeightened Monitoring Requirements
Brand Reputation Impact: High (Urgent warning issued to 2.5B users; trust in platform security questioned)
Identity Theft Risk: High (Stolen credentials enable account takeovers)
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Data Compromised: Business contact information (company names, customer names)
Systems Affected: Salesforce Database (Advertiser Management)Drift Email IntegrationOAuth Tokens
Operational Impact: Temporary Suspension of Gmail-Salesforce IntegrationsRevocation of OAuth Tokens
Brand Reputation Impact: Increased Phishing Risks for 2.5B Gmail UsersErosion of Trust in Google Workspace Security
Identity Theft Risk: ['Low (No PII or Passwords Compromised)']
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Data Compromised: Corporate data from salesforce database, Information from cisco, louis vuitton, adidas, and other companies
Systems Affected: Salesforce database accessed via Google employee credentials
Brand Reputation Impact: potential reputational damage to Google and affected companies (Cisco, Louis Vuitton, Adidas, etc.)eroded trust in Google's security measures
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Data Compromised: None (no data accessed)
Systems Affected: Google Law Enforcement Request System (LERS)
Operational Impact: Potential risk of impersonating law enforcement to access sensitive user data
Brand Reputation Impact: Moderate (public disclosure of fraudulent account creation)
Identity Theft Risk: Potential (if account had been used to impersonate law enforcement)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Operational Impact: Increased triage workload for low-value submissionsResource allocation challenges for security teamsCompetition for skilled researchers among programs
Brand Reputation Impact: Positive: Improved vulnerability detectionPotential negative: Delays in triage or communication could harm researcher trust
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Systems Affected: Chrome browsers (Windows, Mac, Linux) running versions prior to 141.0.7390.122/.123
Operational Impact: Potential for remote code execution, system compromise, or malicious payload delivery if exploited
Brand Reputation Impact: Minimal (proactive patching mitigated risk)
Identity Theft Risk: High (if exploited, could lead to sensitive data theft)
Payment Information Risk: High (if exploited, could expose payment data processed via browser)
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Data Compromised: Play store infrastructure details, Security protocols, Proprietary insights into app distribution mechanisms, Screenshots (~2,000)
Systems Affected: Google Play Store ecosysteminternal systems with sensitive data
Operational Impact: internal audit of contractor vetting processesenhanced access controls implementationforensic investigation
Brand Reputation Impact: potential erosion of trust in Play Store securityregulatory scrutinyinvestor confidence fluctuations
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Data Compromised: Email addresses, Passwords, Website urls, Browser data, Session tokens
Systems Affected: User Devices (Infected with Infostealer Malware)
Brand Reputation Impact: Moderate (Google disputed claims of a 'Gmail breach' but acknowledged user device infections)
Identity Theft Risk: High (Active passwords exposed increase risk of credential stuffing)
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Data Compromised: User credentials (passwords), Authentication tokens, Cookies
Systems Affected: Gmail AccountsGoogle Personal Accounts
Brand Reputation Impact: Misinformation about 'Massive Breach'User Confusion Over Security Advice
Identity Theft Risk: ['High (Due to Credential Reuse Across Platforms)']
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Data Compromised: 394 million unique gmail addresses, 183 million gmail passwords (via infostealer malware)
Brand Reputation Impact: Moderate (Proactive advisory to mitigate reputational risk from scams and credential leaks)
Identity Theft Risk: High (Due to exposed credentials and SSO risks)
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Systems Affected: Google Chrome browser (V8 JavaScript engine)
Brand Reputation Impact: Potential reputational risk due to repeated zero-day exploits
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Data Compromised: 183 million credentials (email:password pairs with domains), Legacy breach data, Fresh infostealer logs
Operational Impact: Increased risk of credential-stuffing attacksPotential account takeovers across services (corporate/personal)Reputational harm from misreporting
Customer Complaints: ['Potential user panic due to misleading headlines']
Brand Reputation Impact: Google's denial clarified no breach, but misreporting caused confusionHighlighted broader industry issue of credential theft
Identity Theft Risk: ['High (due to credential reuse across services)']
What types of data are most commonly compromised in incidents ?
Commonly Compromised Data Types: The types of data most commonly compromised in incidents are Business Data, Login Credentials, Potentially Sensitive Customer Data (Via Dangling Buckets), , Business Contact Information (Non-Sensitive), , Corporate Data, Business Information From Salesforce Database, , None, Proprietary Business Information, Security Protocols, Internal Documentation, Screenshots, , Email Addresses, Passwords, Website Urls, Browser Data, Session Tokens, , Passwords, Authentication Tokens, Cookies, , Email Addresses, Passwords, , Email:Password Pairs, Domain Associations, Browser-Stored Credentials and .
Which entities were affected by each incident ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Entity Name: Google Cloud
Entity Type: Cloud Service Provider
Industry: Technology
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Entity Name: AWS
Entity Type: Cloud Service Provider
Industry: Technology
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Entity Name: Google
Entity Type: corporation
Industry: technology
Location: Mountain View, California, USA
Size: large (multinational)
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Entity Name: Salesforce
Entity Type: corporation
Industry: cloud computing / CRM
Location: San Francisco, California, USA
Size: large (multinational)
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Entity Name: Google (Gmail/Google Cloud Users)
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services/Cloud Computing
Location: Global
Size: 2.5 billion users
Customers Affected: Billions (exact number unspecified)
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Entity Name: Salesforce
Entity Type: Cloud Platform Provider
Industry: Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Location: Global
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Entity Name: Google (Alphabet Inc.)
Entity Type: Corporation
Industry: Technology (Cloud Services, Advertising, Email)
Location: Mountain View, California, USA (HQ); Breach Linked to Salesforce Database
Size: 2.5 billion Gmail users (indirectly affected); Google Workspace administrators (directly notified)
Customers Affected: Potential advertisers (business contact data exposed)
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Entity Name: Salesforce (Third-Party Vendor)
Entity Type: Corporation
Industry: Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Location: San Francisco, California, USA
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Entity Name: Drift Email (Salesloft Integration)
Entity Type: Software Service
Industry: Sales Engagement Platform
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entity Name: Google
Entity Type: technology company
Industry: internet services
Location: Mountain View, California, USA
Size: large (Alphabet Inc.)
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entity Name: Cisco
Entity Type: technology company
Industry: networking hardware
Location: San Jose, California, USA
Size: large
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entity Name: Louis Vuitton (LVMH)
Entity Type: luxury goods company
Industry: fashion & retail
Location: Paris, France
Size: large
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entity Name: Adidas
Entity Type: sportswear company
Industry: apparel & footwear
Location: Herzogenaurach, Germany
Size: large
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entity Name: Other unnamed big companies
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Entity Name: Google
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global (HQ: Mountain View, California, USA)
Size: Large (Alphabet Inc.)
Customers Affected: None (no data accessed)
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Entity Name: FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
Entity Type: Government Agency
Industry: Law Enforcement
Location: USA
Size: Large
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Entity Name: Google
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global (HQ: Mountain View, California, USA)
Size: Large (Alphabet Inc. subsidiary)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Entity Name: Bug Bounty Programs (Industry-Wide)
Entity Type: Cybersecurity Initiatives
Industry: Technology/Information Security
Location: Global
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Entity Name: Google Chrome Users
Entity Type: Software Users
Industry: Technology (Browser Software)
Location: Global
Customers Affected: All users running Chrome versions prior to 141.0.7390.122/.123 (Windows/Mac/Linux)
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Entity Name: Google (Alphabet Inc.)
Entity Type: technology corporation
Industry: internet services, cloud computing, software
Location: Mountain View, California, USA
Size: large (global enterprise)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Entity Name: Google (Gmail Users)
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global
Customers Affected: 183 million email passwords (including millions of Gmail accounts)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Entity Name: General Internet Users
Entity Type: Individuals/Organizations
Industry: Multiple
Location: Global
Customers Affected: 23 billion records (including 16.4 million previously unseen email addresses)
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Entity Name: Google (Gmail Users)
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global
Size: Billions of Users
Customers Affected: Unknown (Potentially Millions with Compromised Credentials)
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Entity Name: Google (Gmail Users)
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global
Size: Large (Billions of users)
Customers Affected: Potentially all Gmail users (394 million addresses exposed; 183 million passwords via infostealer)
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Entity Name: Users of Third-Party Services Using Google SSO
Entity Type: End Users
Industry: Multiple (e.g., Finance, Retail, Social Media)
Location: Global
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Entity Name: Google
Entity Type: Corporation
Industry: Technology (Internet, Software)
Location: Mountain View, California, USA
Size: Large (Alphabet Inc. subsidiary)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Entity Name: Google (Gmail Users)
Entity Type: Technology Company
Industry: Internet Services
Location: Global
Customers Affected: 183 million credentials (not necessarily active or unique users)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Entity Name: Users of Other Services (via Credential Reuse)
Entity Type: Individuals/Organizations
Industry: Multiple
Location: Global
Response to the Incidents
What measures were taken in response to each incident ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Remediation Measures: Continuous MonitoringAutomated Patch ManagementSeedless Discovery
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Communication Strategy: media statement pending (Newsweek contacted Google for comment)
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Incident Response Plan Activated: Yes (Google Threat Intelligence Group monitoring)
Containment Measures: User Notifications (Email Alerts)Public Advisory
Communication Strategy: Urgent Warning via Media (Geek Spin, Fox News)Direct User EmailsBlog Post by Google Cloud
Enhanced Monitoring: Yes (Ongoing by GTIG)
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Incident Response Plan Activated: True
Containment Measures: Revoked OAuth Tokens for Drift Email IntegrationDisabled Gmail-Salesloft Drift ConnectivityNotified Google Workspace Administrators
Remediation Measures: Password Update Recommendations for Gmail UsersPromotion of Passkeys (Biometric Authentication)Enhanced Phishing Detection Filters
Communication Strategy: Global Security Alert to 2.5B Gmail UsersOfficial Blog Post (August 5, 2025)Direct Notifications to Workspace AdministratorsSecurity Help Resources (Passkey Adoption Guides)
Enhanced Monitoring: Phishing and Vishing Attack Patterns
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Remediation Measures: advisory to enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for critical services
Communication Strategy: public disclosure of incident (excluding Gmail compromise)expert commentary on mitigation strategies (e.g., MFA)
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Incident Response Plan Activated: Yes (account disabled)
Law Enforcement Notified: Likely (FBI declined to comment)
Containment Measures: Disabled fraudulent account
Communication Strategy: Public statement to BleepingComputerArticle title update to clarify no breach occurred
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Third Party Assistance: Academic Researchers (Harvard, Bocconi University, Hebrew University), Industry Experts (Intigriti, Alvearium Associates, Upcloud).
Communication Strategy: Public disclosure of study findingsExpert commentary (Help Net Security, industry interviews)Recommendations for bug bounty program optimization
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Incident Response Plan Activated: True
Containment Measures: Urgent patch release (Chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123)Automatic update rollout to users
Remediation Measures: Patch deployment via Chrome's auto-update mechanismUser advisories to manually check/update browser versions
Communication Strategy: Public security advisoryRestricted vulnerability details until majority of users patched
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Incident Response Plan Activated: True
Containment Measures: forensic investigationinternal audit of contractor processes
Remediation Measures: enhanced access controls (multi-factor authentication for contractors)AI-driven anomaly detection for screenshot activities
Communication Strategy: notification to relevant authoritiesinternal transparency (likely)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Third Party Assistance: Have I Been Pwned, Synthient, Troy Hunt.
Remediation Measures: Google advised users to enable two-step verificationAdopt passkeysChange compromised passwordsActivate multi-factor authentication
Communication Strategy: Google disputed 'Gmail breach' claims via social mediaPublic advisories via Have I Been Pwned and media outlets
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Containment Measures: Public Advisory to Reset Compromised PasswordsPromotion of Passkeys as Default Authentication
Remediation Measures: Encouraging Passkey Adoption (352% Increase in Usage)Advocating for Non-SMS Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
Recovery Measures: User Guidance on Secure Authentication PracticesDefault Passkey Deployment for Personal Accounts (October 2023)
Communication Strategy: Public Statements Denying 'New Breach' ClaimsSecurity Advisories via Media (Forbes, Dashlane Report)Emphasis on Proactive Security Measures
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Containment Measures: Promotion of Passkey AdoptionTightened Monitoring of Password-Based Sign-Ins
Remediation Measures: Encouraging Users to Delete PasswordsReplacing 2SV with PasskeysAdvanced Protection Program Integration
Communication Strategy: Public Advisory via Media (e.g., Fast Company)Blog PostsUser Notifications
Enhanced Monitoring: Increased scrutiny of password fallback sign-ins
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Incident Response Plan Activated: True
Containment Measures: Emergency 'out-of-band' patch
Remediation Measures: Patch for CVE-2025-13223
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Incident Response Plan Activated: ['Google issued public denial', 'Security firms (e.g., Synthient) analyzed data sources']
Third Party Assistance: Synthient (Data Collection/Analysis), Enzoic (Continuous Password Monitoring Solutions).
Remediation Measures: Google clarified no breach occurredSecurity community emphasized need for continuous credential monitoringRecommendations for password hygiene (e.g., avoiding reuse)
Communication Strategy: Google's public statement via CybernewsTechnical explainers by Synthient and CybernewsBlog posts (e.g., Enzoic) on mitigation strategies
Enhanced Monitoring: Enzoic's continuous password monitoring solutions
What is the company's incident response plan?
Incident Response Plan: The company's incident response plan is described as Yes (Google Threat Intelligence Group monitoring), , Yes (account disabled), , , , Google issued public denial, Security firms (e.g., Synthient) analyzed data sources, .
How does the company involve third-party assistance in incident response ?
Third-Party Assistance: The company involves third-party assistance in incident response through Academic researchers (Harvard, Bocconi University, Hebrew University), Industry experts (Intigriti, Alvearium Associates, UpCloud), , Have I Been Pwned, Synthient, Troy Hunt, , Synthient (data collection/analysis), Enzoic (continuous password monitoring solutions), .
Data Breach Information
What type of data was compromised in each breach ?
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Type of Data Compromised: Business data, Login credentials, Potentially sensitive customer data (via dangling buckets)
Number of Records Exposed: Billions (exact number unspecified)
Sensitivity of Data: Low (initially 'publicly available')High (credentials enable account takeovers)
Data Exfiltration: Yes (by ShinyHunters/UNC6040)
Personally Identifiable Information: Potential (via credential reuse)
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Type of Data Compromised: Business contact information (non-sensitive)
Sensitivity of Data: Low (No PII, Passwords, or Financial Data)
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Type of Data Compromised: Corporate data, Business information from salesforce database
Sensitivity of Data: high (corporate-sensitive information)
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Type of Data Compromised: None
Number of Records Exposed: 0
Sensitivity of Data: None
Data Exfiltration: No
Personally Identifiable Information: None
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Type of Data Compromised: Proprietary business information, Security protocols, Internal documentation, Screenshots
Sensitivity of Data: high (internal infrastructure and security details)
File Types Exposed: documentsscreenshotsproprietary files
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Type of Data Compromised: Email addresses, Passwords, Website urls, Browser data, Session tokens
Number of Records Exposed: 23 billion records (183 million unique email passwords, including 16.4 million previously unseen)
Sensitivity of Data: High (Active credentials for multiple services)
Data Exfiltration: Yes (via infostealer malware to underground channels)
Personally Identifiable Information: Yes (Email addresses linked to passwords and service logins)
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Type of Data Compromised: Passwords, Authentication tokens, Cookies
Sensitivity of Data: High (Account Access Credentials)
Personally Identifiable Information: Potential (If Credentials Linked to PII)
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Type of Data Compromised: Email addresses, Passwords
Number of Records Exposed: 394000000
Sensitivity of Data: High (Credentials enable access to SSO-linked services)
Data Exfiltration: Yes (via infostealer malware and credential stuffing)
Data Encryption: No (Exposed passwords were likely unencrypted)
Personally Identifiable Information: Yes (Email addresses + passwords)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Type of Data Compromised: Email:password pairs, Domain associations, Browser-stored credentials
Number of Records Exposed: 183 million
Sensitivity of Data: Moderate to High (depends on credential reuse and service access)
Data Exfiltration: Via infostealer malware from endpoints
Personally Identifiable Information: Email addressesPasswords
What measures does the company take to prevent data exfiltration ?
Prevention of Data Exfiltration: The company takes the following measures to prevent data exfiltration: Continuous Monitoring, Automated Patch Management, Seedless Discovery, , Password Update Recommendations for Gmail Users, Promotion of Passkeys (Biometric Authentication), Enhanced Phishing Detection Filters, , advisory to enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for critical services, , Patch deployment via Chrome's auto-update mechanism, User advisories to manually check/update browser versions, , enhanced access controls (multi-factor authentication for contractors), AI-driven anomaly detection for screenshot activities, , Google advised users to enable two-step verification, Adopt passkeys, Change compromised passwords, Activate multi-factor authentication, , Encouraging Passkey Adoption (352% Increase in Usage), Advocating for Non-SMS Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), , Encouraging Users to Delete Passwords, Replacing 2SV with Passkeys, Advanced Protection Program Integration, , Patch for CVE-2025-13223, , Google clarified no breach occurred, Security community emphasized need for continuous credential monitoring, Recommendations for password hygiene (e.g., avoiding reuse), .
How does the company handle incidents involving personally identifiable information (PII) ?
Handling of PII Incidents: The company handles incidents involving personally identifiable information (PII) through by user notifications (email alerts), public advisory, , revoked oauth tokens for drift email integration, disabled gmail-salesloft drift connectivity, notified google workspace administrators, , disabled fraudulent account, , urgent patch release (chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123), automatic update rollout to users, , forensic investigation, internal audit of contractor processes, , public advisory to reset compromised passwords, promotion of passkeys as default authentication, , promotion of passkey adoption, tightened monitoring of password-based sign-ins, , emergency 'out-of-band' patch and .
Ransomware Information
Was ransomware involved in any of the incidents ?
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Data Exfiltration: True
How does the company recover data encrypted by ransomware ?
Data Recovery from Ransomware: The company recovers data encrypted by ransomware through User Guidance on Secure Authentication Practices, Default Passkey Deployment for Personal Accounts (October 2023), .
Regulatory Compliance
Were there any regulatory violations and fines imposed for each incident ?
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Regulatory Notifications: relevant authorities notified (unspecified)
Lessons Learned and Recommendations
What lessons were learned from each incident ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Lessons Learned: Security teams must prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries.
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Lessons Learned: Third-party breaches can cascade into attacks on unrelated platforms (e.g., Salesforce → Gmail)., Vishing remains highly effective, especially against English-speaking global employees., Dangling cloud storage buckets are an underaddressed attack vector., User vigilance (2FA, password hygiene) is critical even when primary platforms (e.g., Google) are secure.
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Lessons Learned: Third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) introduce attack surfaces even for tech giants like Google., Social engineering (e.g., IT help desk impersonation) remains a critical vector for initial access., OAuth token security requires stricter authentication and monitoring., Phishing risks escalate significantly even with non-sensitive data breaches (e.g., business contacts used for convincing scams).
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Lessons Learned: Phishing attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated, especially with AI-driven techniques., Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is critical for protecting against credential theft., Legitimate credentials can be weaponized if MFA is not enforced., Hackers exploit the lack of regulatory constraints, allowing rapid iteration of attack methods ('throwing spaghetti at the wall')., Employee training and awareness are essential to mitigate human-error risks.
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Lessons Learned: Higher payouts for critical vulnerabilities (Tier 0) significantly increase high-quality submissions, but broad payout increases may strain resources with low-value reports., Veteran researchers shift focus to high-value targets when rewards increase, while a small group of new, productive researchers may join the program., Competition for skilled researchers intensifies when programs raise payouts, creating a talent marketplace dynamic., Success depends on more than payouts: fast triage, clear scope, researcher engagement, and trust-building (e.g., recognition, transparency, safe harbor) are critical., Researcher experience (e.g., fast feedback, respectful communication) often matters more than reward amounts alone., Metrics like signal-to-noise ratio, time-to-triage, and researcher retention should be tracked to assess program maturity., Future programs may need to adapt to AI-powered bug-hunting tools and their impact on human effort.
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Lessons Learned: Proactive AI-powered vulnerability discovery (e.g., Google's Big Sleep project) and rapid patch deployment are critical to mitigating high-severity flaws in widely used software like Chrome. Automated security tools (e.g., AddressSanitizer, libFuzzer) play a key role in identifying vulnerabilities before exploitation.
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Lessons Learned: Human element (contractors/insiders) remains a critical weak link in cybersecurity defenses., Inadequate monitoring of privileged access can lead to prolonged, undetected breaches., Supply chain security (third-party contractors) requires stricter oversight and controls., Proactive measures like AI-driven anomaly detection and zero-trust models are essential to mitigate insider threats., Balancing cost-cutting (outsourcing) with security risks is a persistent challenge for large enterprises.
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Lessons Learned: Infostealer malware poses a rapidly growing threat, with an 800% increase in stolen credentials in early 2025., User device security is critical; malware infections can bypass service-level protections (e.g., Gmail servers)., Credential stuffing risks escalate when active passwords are exposed across multiple platforms., Proactive monitoring of dark web/underground channels can help mitigate large-scale credential leaks.
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Lessons Learned: Default security settings (e.g., passkeys) drive mass adoption more effectively than opt-in features., Credential theft remains a dominant attack vector, necessitating stronger authentication beyond passwords., Public misinformation about breaches can undermine trust, requiring clear and proactive communication., SMS-based 2FA is insufficient; non-SMS MFA and passkeys are critical for account security.
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Lessons Learned: Password-based authentication remains a critical vulnerability, especially for SSO providers., AI tools are amplifying the scale and sophistication of scam campaigns., User education on phishing and credential hygiene is insufficient to counter organized crime groups., Passkeys significantly reduce risks of phishing and credential stuffing.
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Lessons Learned: Headlines about large credential dumps often misrepresent the source (e.g., not a direct breach of the named service)., Infostealer malware is a persistent, high-volume threat that harvests credentials from endpoints., Credential reuse across services amplifies risk (e.g., personal email passwords used for corporate logins)., Periodic credential checks are insufficient; continuous monitoring is critical to detect exposures in real time., Automated tools (e.g., Enzoic) can block compromised passwords at creation and monitor existing credentials.
What recommendations were made to prevent future incidents ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Recommendations: Prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries.
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Recommendations: Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering.
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Recommendations: Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios).
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Recommendations: Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement.Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement.Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement.Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement.Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement.
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Recommendations: Strengthen authentication mechanisms for law enforcement request systems, Monitor for fraudulent account creation attempts, Enhance social engineering defenses, Improve collaboration with law enforcement to track threat actorsStrengthen authentication mechanisms for law enforcement request systems, Monitor for fraudulent account creation attempts, Enhance social engineering defenses, Improve collaboration with law enforcement to track threat actorsStrengthen authentication mechanisms for law enforcement request systems, Monitor for fraudulent account creation attempts, Enhance social engineering defenses, Improve collaboration with law enforcement to track threat actorsStrengthen authentication mechanisms for law enforcement request systems, Monitor for fraudulent account creation attempts, Enhance social engineering defenses, Improve collaboration with law enforcement to track threat actors
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Recommendations: Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly.
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Recommendations: Users should enable automatic updates for Chrome to ensure timely patching., Organizations should enforce browser update policies and verify patch deployment across endpoints., Developers should prioritize security testing for core components like JavaScript engines using tools like AddressSanitizer and fuzz testing., Google should continue restricting vulnerability details until widespread patching is confirmed to prevent exploit development.Users should enable automatic updates for Chrome to ensure timely patching., Organizations should enforce browser update policies and verify patch deployment across endpoints., Developers should prioritize security testing for core components like JavaScript engines using tools like AddressSanitizer and fuzz testing., Google should continue restricting vulnerability details until widespread patching is confirmed to prevent exploit development.Users should enable automatic updates for Chrome to ensure timely patching., Organizations should enforce browser update policies and verify patch deployment across endpoints., Developers should prioritize security testing for core components like JavaScript engines using tools like AddressSanitizer and fuzz testing., Google should continue restricting vulnerability details until widespread patching is confirmed to prevent exploit development.Users should enable automatic updates for Chrome to ensure timely patching., Organizations should enforce browser update policies and verify patch deployment across endpoints., Developers should prioritize security testing for core components like JavaScript engines using tools like AddressSanitizer and fuzz testing., Google should continue restricting vulnerability details until widespread patching is confirmed to prevent exploit development.
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Recommendations: Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring.
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Recommendations: Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service.
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Recommendations: Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible.Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible.Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible.Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible.Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible.
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Recommendations: Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing).Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing).Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing).Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing).Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing).
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Recommendations: Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials).
What are the key lessons learned from past incidents ?
Key Lessons Learned: The key lessons learned from past incidents are Security teams must prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries.Third-party breaches can cascade into attacks on unrelated platforms (e.g., Salesforce → Gmail).,Vishing remains highly effective, especially against English-speaking global employees.,Dangling cloud storage buckets are an underaddressed attack vector.,User vigilance (2FA, password hygiene) is critical even when primary platforms (e.g., Google) are secure.Third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) introduce attack surfaces even for tech giants like Google.,Social engineering (e.g., IT help desk impersonation) remains a critical vector for initial access.,OAuth token security requires stricter authentication and monitoring.,Phishing risks escalate significantly even with non-sensitive data breaches (e.g., business contacts used for convincing scams).Phishing attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated, especially with AI-driven techniques.,Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is critical for protecting against credential theft.,Legitimate credentials can be weaponized if MFA is not enforced.,Hackers exploit the lack of regulatory constraints, allowing rapid iteration of attack methods ('throwing spaghetti at the wall').,Employee training and awareness are essential to mitigate human-error risks.Higher payouts for critical vulnerabilities (Tier 0) significantly increase high-quality submissions, but broad payout increases may strain resources with low-value reports.,Veteran researchers shift focus to high-value targets when rewards increase, while a small group of new, productive researchers may join the program.,Competition for skilled researchers intensifies when programs raise payouts, creating a talent marketplace dynamic.,Success depends on more than payouts: fast triage, clear scope, researcher engagement, and trust-building (e.g., recognition, transparency, safe harbor) are critical.,Researcher experience (e.g., fast feedback, respectful communication) often matters more than reward amounts alone.,Metrics like signal-to-noise ratio, time-to-triage, and researcher retention should be tracked to assess program maturity.,Future programs may need to adapt to AI-powered bug-hunting tools and their impact on human effort.Proactive AI-powered vulnerability discovery (e.g., Google's Big Sleep project) and rapid patch deployment are critical to mitigating high-severity flaws in widely used software like Chrome. Automated security tools (e.g., AddressSanitizer, libFuzzer) play a key role in identifying vulnerabilities before exploitation.Human element (contractors/insiders) remains a critical weak link in cybersecurity defenses.,Inadequate monitoring of privileged access can lead to prolonged, undetected breaches.,Supply chain security (third-party contractors) requires stricter oversight and controls.,Proactive measures like AI-driven anomaly detection and zero-trust models are essential to mitigate insider threats.,Balancing cost-cutting (outsourcing) with security risks is a persistent challenge for large enterprises.Infostealer malware poses a rapidly growing threat, with an 800% increase in stolen credentials in early 2025.,User device security is critical; malware infections can bypass service-level protections (e.g., Gmail servers).,Credential stuffing risks escalate when active passwords are exposed across multiple platforms.,Proactive monitoring of dark web/underground channels can help mitigate large-scale credential leaks.Default security settings (e.g., passkeys) drive mass adoption more effectively than opt-in features.,Credential theft remains a dominant attack vector, necessitating stronger authentication beyond passwords.,Public misinformation about breaches can undermine trust, requiring clear and proactive communication.,SMS-based 2FA is insufficient; non-SMS MFA and passkeys are critical for account security.Password-based authentication remains a critical vulnerability, especially for SSO providers.,AI tools are amplifying the scale and sophistication of scam campaigns.,User education on phishing and credential hygiene is insufficient to counter organized crime groups.,Passkeys significantly reduce risks of phishing and credential stuffing.Headlines about large credential dumps often misrepresent the source (e.g., not a direct breach of the named service).,Infostealer malware is a persistent, high-volume threat that harvests credentials from endpoints.,Credential reuse across services amplifies risk (e.g., personal email passwords used for corporate logins).,Periodic credential checks are insufficient; continuous monitoring is critical to detect exposures in real time.,Automated tools (e.g., Enzoic) can block compromised passwords at creation and monitor existing credentials.
What recommendations has the company implemented to improve cybersecurity ?
Implemented Recommendations: The company has implemented the following recommendations to improve cybersecurity: Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Disable password fallback options where possible., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls and automated phishing)..
References
Where can I find more information about each incident ?
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Source: Newsweek
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Source: Geek Spin
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Source: Fox News
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Source: Newsweek
URL: https://www.newsweek.com/google-gmail-password-update-data-breach-1823456
Date Accessed: 2025-08-28
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Source: Google Official Blog
URL: https://blog.google/technology/safety-security/google-security-alert-august-2025/
Date Accessed: 2025-08-05
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Source: Google Account Help (Passkeys)
URL: https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13115501
Date Accessed: 2025-08-28
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Source: Article describing the Google phishing incident and ShinyHunters attack
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Source: Commentary by Damien Fortune, CEO of Syntriqs
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Source: Help Net Security
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Source: Google Research (Vulnerability Rewards Program Study)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Source: Intigriti (Ottilia Westerlund, Hacker Engagement Manager)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Source: Alvearium Associates (Christian Toon, Chief Security Strategist)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Source: UpCloud (Jukka Seppänen, CISO and CIO)
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Source: Google Chrome Releases Blog
Date Accessed: 2025-10-21
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Source: CVE Details for CVE-2025-12036
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Source: The Information
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Source: Axios (2025 Salesforce-related breach)
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Source: Bloomberg (federal contractor hacks report)
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Source: Google Cloud Blog (vishing attacks)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Source: Have I Been Pwned
URL: https://haveibeenpwned.com
Date Accessed: 2025-10-21
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Source: Synthient Research Report
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Source: Troy Hunt (Creator of Have I Been Pwned)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Source: Google Security Advisory (Social Media)
Date Accessed: 2025-10-21
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Source: Perplexity Article
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Source: Dashlane Passkey Adoption Report
Date Accessed: 2023-11-03
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Source: Google Security Blog
Date Accessed: 2023-11-03
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Source: Fast Company
URL: https://www.fastcompany.com/91060569/google-gmail-passwords-passkeys-scams-ai
Date Accessed: 2024-05-01
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Source: NordPass Research
URL: https://nordpass.com/most-common-passwords-list/
Date Accessed: 2024-05-01
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Source: Dashlane Passkey Adoption Report
URL: https://www.dashlane.com/blog/passkey-adoption-report
Date Accessed: 2024-05-01
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Source: Google Threat Analysis Group (TAG) report (implied)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Cybernews (Google's Denial)
URL: https://cybernews.com/security/google-denies-183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked/
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Cybernews (Technical Explainer)
URL: https://cybernews.com/security/183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked-expert-analysis/
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Synthient's Analysis
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Enzoic Blog Post
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Google Security Infographic (Password Reuse)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: The Independent (Coverage)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Source: Techi (Coverage)
Where can stakeholders find additional resources on cybersecurity best practices ?
Additional Resources: Stakeholders can find additional resources on cybersecurity best practices at and Source: Newsweek, and Source: Geek Spin, and Source: Google Cloud Blog Post (GTIG)Date Accessed: 2024-08, and Source: Fox News, and Source: NewsweekUrl: https://www.newsweek.com/google-gmail-password-update-data-breach-1823456Date Accessed: 2025-08-28, and Source: Google Official BlogUrl: https://blog.google/technology/safety-security/google-security-alert-august-2025/Date Accessed: 2025-08-05, and Source: Google Account Help (Passkeys)Url: https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13115501Date Accessed: 2025-08-28, and Source: Article describing the Google phishing incident and ShinyHunters attack, and Source: Commentary by Damien Fortune, CEO of Syntriqs, and Source: BleepingComputerDate Accessed: 2025-09-15, and Source: Help Net SecurityUrl: https://www.helpnetsecurity.com, and Source: Google Research (Vulnerability Rewards Program Study), and Source: Intigriti (Ottilia Westerlund, Hacker Engagement Manager)Url: https://www.intigriti.com, and Source: Alvearium Associates (Christian Toon, Chief Security Strategist), and Source: UpCloud (Jukka Seppänen, CISO and CIO)Url: https://www.upcloud.com, and Source: Google Chrome Releases BlogDate Accessed: 2025-10-21, and Source: CVE Details for CVE-2025-12036, and Source: The Information, and Source: Axios (2025 Salesforce-related breach), and Source: Bloomberg (federal contractor hacks report), and Source: Google Cloud Blog (vishing attacks), and Source: Have I Been PwnedUrl: https://haveibeenpwned.comDate Accessed: 2025-10-21, and Source: Synthient Research Report, and Source: Troy Hunt (Creator of Have I Been Pwned), and Source: Google Security Advisory (Social Media)Date Accessed: 2025-10-21, and Source: Perplexity Article, and Source: ForbesUrl: https://www.forbes.comDate Accessed: 2023-11-03, and Source: Dashlane Passkey Adoption ReportDate Accessed: 2023-11-03, and Source: Google Security BlogDate Accessed: 2023-11-03, and Source: Fast CompanyUrl: https://www.fastcompany.com/91060569/google-gmail-passwords-passkeys-scams-aiDate Accessed: 2024-05-01, and Source: NordPass ResearchUrl: https://nordpass.com/most-common-passwords-list/Date Accessed: 2024-05-01, and Source: Dashlane Passkey Adoption ReportUrl: https://www.dashlane.com/blog/passkey-adoption-reportDate Accessed: 2024-05-01, and Source: Google Threat Analysis Group (TAG) report (implied), and Source: Cybernews (Google's Denial)Url: https://cybernews.com/security/google-denies-183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked/, and Source: Cybernews (Technical Explainer)Url: https://cybernews.com/security/183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked-expert-analysis/, and Source: Synthient's Analysis, and Source: Enzoic Blog PostUrl: https://www.enzoic.com/blog/183-million-credentials/, and Source: Google Security Infographic (Password Reuse), and Source: The Independent (Coverage), and Source: Techi (Coverage).
Investigation Status
What is the current status of the investigation for each incident ?
Incident : threat GOO905090225
Investigation Status: ongoing (developing story)
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Investigation Status: Ongoing (Google GTIG monitoring ShinyHunters/UNC6040)
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Investigation Status: Ongoing (OAuth token revocation and integration suspension pending further analysis)
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Investigation Status: Ongoing (Google and FBI involved)
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Investigation Status: Completed (Academic Study)
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Investigation Status: Resolved (Patch released; no known exploits in the wild)
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Investigation Status: ongoing (forensic teams assessing extent of compromise)
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Investigation Status: Ongoing (Monitoring by Synthient and Have I Been Pwned; user remediation advised)
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Investigation Status: Ongoing (No New Breach Confirmed; Focus on Mitigating Credential Reuse)
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Investigation Status: Ongoing (No direct breach; proactive mitigation)
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Investigation Status: Ongoing (evidence of exploitation in the wild confirmed)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Investigation Status: Completed (by Google, Synthient, and independent researchers)
How does the company communicate the status of incident investigations to stakeholders ?
Communication of Investigation Status: The company communicates the status of incident investigations to stakeholders through media statement pending (Newsweek contacted Google for comment), Urgent Warning Via Media (Geek Spin, Fox News), Direct User Emails, Blog Post By Google Cloud, Global Security Alert To 2.5B Gmail Users, Official Blog Post (August 5, 2025), Direct Notifications To Workspace Administrators, Security Help Resources (Passkey Adoption Guides), Public Disclosure Of Incident (Excluding Gmail Compromise), Expert Commentary On Mitigation Strategies (E.G., Mfa), Public Statement To Bleepingcomputer, Article Title Update To Clarify No Breach Occurred, Public Disclosure Of Study Findings, Expert Commentary (Help Net Security, Industry Interviews), Recommendations For Bug Bounty Program Optimization, Public Security Advisory, Restricted Vulnerability Details Until Majority Of Users Patched, Notification To Relevant Authorities, Internal Transparency (Likely), Google Disputed 'Gmail Breach' Claims Via Social Media, Public Advisories Via Have I Been Pwned And Media Outlets, Public Statements Denying 'New Breach' Claims, Security Advisories Via Media (Forbes, Dashlane Report), Emphasis On Proactive Security Measures, Public Advisory Via Media (E.G., Fast Company), Blog Posts, User Notifications, Google'S Public Statement Via Cybernews, Technical Explainers By Synthient And Cybernews, Blog Posts (E.G. and Enzoic) On Mitigation Strategies.
Stakeholder and Customer Advisories
Were there any advisories issued to stakeholders or customers for each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Stakeholder Advisories: Urgent Warning To 2.5B Gmail/Google Cloud Users.
Customer Advisories: Email notifications sent on 2024-08-08Public guidance on password hygiene and 2FA
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Stakeholder Advisories: Google Workspace Administrators Notified Of Breach And Mitigation Steps., Gmail Users Advised To Update Passwords, Enable 2Fa, And Adopt Passkeys..
Customer Advisories: Avoid clicking unsolicited email links.Check for login alerts in Gmail.Report phishing attempts via Google’s reporting tools.Consider enrolling in the Advanced Protection Program for high-risk accounts.
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Customer Advisories: Google clarified that regular Gmail data was not compromised.
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Customer Advisories: Public statement confirming no data was accessed
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Stakeholder Advisories: Bug Bounty Program Managers Should Align Reward Structures With Business-Critical Vulnerabilities To Optimize Resource Allocation., Security Teams Must Balance Triage Efficiency With Researcher Engagement To Maintain Trust And Program Effectiveness., Industry Collaboration (E.G., Benchmarking, Shared Insights) Can Help Smaller Programs Compete For Researcher Attention..
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Stakeholder Advisories: Google advised users to update Chrome immediately via the 'About Chrome' settings menu.
Customer Advisories: Users were instructed to verify their Chrome version and install updates to mitigate the RCE risk.
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Stakeholder Advisories: Google and cybersecurity firms urge users to check exposure via Have I Been Pwned and secure accounts.
Customer Advisories: Users advised to change passwords, enable MFA, and monitor for suspicious activity.
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Stakeholder Advisories: Users Advised To Reset Passwords If Found In Breaches., Strong Recommendation To Adopt Passkeys And Non-Sms Mfa., Clarification That No New Gmail Breach Occurred, But Credential Hygiene Remains Critical..
Customer Advisories: Reset compromised passwords immediately.Enable passkeys for Google Accounts (default since October 2023).Use non-SMS MFA (e.g., authenticator apps or hardware keys).Avoid reusing passwords across platforms.
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Stakeholder Advisories: Users advised to enable passkeys and review account activity for unauthorized access.
Customer Advisories: Google published guidelines on passkey setup and scam avoidance (e.g., https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13669361).
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Stakeholder Advisories: Google'S Public Statement Clarifying No Breach Occurred., Security Community Advisories On Credential Monitoring Best Practices..
Customer Advisories: Users advised to change passwords if reused across services.Recommendations to enable multi-factor authentication (MFA).
What advisories does the company provide to stakeholders and customers following an incident ?
Advisories Provided: The company provides the following advisories to stakeholders and customers following an incident: were Urgent Warning To 2.5B Gmail/Google Cloud Users, Email Notifications Sent On 2024-08-08, Public Guidance On Password Hygiene And 2Fa, , Google Workspace Administrators Notified Of Breach And Mitigation Steps., Gmail Users Advised To Update Passwords, Enable 2Fa, And Adopt Passkeys., Avoid Clicking Unsolicited Email Links., Check For Login Alerts In Gmail., Report Phishing Attempts Via Google’S Reporting Tools., Consider Enrolling In The Advanced Protection Program For High-Risk Accounts., , Google Clarified That Regular Gmail Data Was Not Compromised., , Public Statement Confirming No Data Was Accessed, , Bug Bounty Program Managers Should Align Reward Structures With Business-Critical Vulnerabilities To Optimize Resource Allocation., Security Teams Must Balance Triage Efficiency With Researcher Engagement To Maintain Trust And Program Effectiveness., Industry Collaboration (E.G., Benchmarking, Shared Insights) Can Help Smaller Programs Compete For Researcher Attention., Google advised users to update Chrome immediately via the 'About Chrome' settings menu., Users were instructed to verify their Chrome version and install updates to mitigate the RCE risk., Google and cybersecurity firms urge users to check exposure via Have I Been Pwned and secure accounts., Users advised to change passwords, enable MFA, and monitor for suspicious activity., Users Advised To Reset Passwords If Found In Breaches., Strong Recommendation To Adopt Passkeys And Non-Sms Mfa., Clarification That No New Gmail Breach Occurred, But Credential Hygiene Remains Critical., Reset Compromised Passwords Immediately., Enable Passkeys For Google Accounts (Default Since October 2023)., Use Non-Sms Mfa (E.G., Authenticator Apps Or Hardware Keys)., Avoid Reusing Passwords Across Platforms., , Users advised to enable passkeys and review account activity for unauthorized access., Google published guidelines on passkey setup and scam avoidance (e.g., https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13669361)., Google'S Public Statement Clarifying No Breach Occurred., Security Community Advisories On Credential Monitoring Best Practices., Users Advised To Change Passwords If Reused Across Services., Recommendations To Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (Mfa). and .
Initial Access Broker
How did the initial access broker gain entry for each incident ?
Incident : threat GOO905090225
High Value Targets: Google Threat Intelligence Group, Google Databases,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Google Threat Intelligence Group, Google Databases,
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Entry Point: Stolen Salesforce Cloud Data, Vishing Calls (It Support Impersonation),
Reconnaissance Period: Detected in June 2024; intrusions by August 2024
High Value Targets: English-Speaking Employees Of Global Organizations,
Data Sold on Dark Web: English-Speaking Employees Of Global Organizations,
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Entry Point: IT Help Desk Impersonation (Social Engineering)
Backdoors Established: ['Malware Deployment on Salesforce Database']
High Value Targets: Google Workspace Oauth Tokens, Drift Email Integration,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Google Workspace Oauth Tokens, Drift Email Integration,
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Entry Point: phishing email to Google employee
High Value Targets: Salesforce Database Containing Corporate Data From Multiple Companies,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Salesforce Database Containing Corporate Data From Multiple Companies,
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Entry Point: Fraudulent account creation in LERS platform
High Value Targets: Google Lers, Fbi Echeck System,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Google Lers, Fbi Echeck System,
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Entry Point: privileged contractor access
Reconnaissance Period: several weeks (prolonged breach)
High Value Targets: Play Store Infrastructure, Security Protocols, App Distribution Mechanisms,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Play Store Infrastructure, Security Protocols, App Distribution Mechanisms,
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Entry Point: Phishing Emails, Malicious Software Downloads, Compromised Browser Extensions,
Reconnaissance Period: Nearly one year (monitored by Synthient)
High Value Targets: Email Credentials, Browser Session Tokens, Service Logins,
Data Sold on Dark Web: Email Credentials, Browser Session Tokens, Service Logins,
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Entry Point: Compromised Credentials From Prior Breaches, Phishing Links, Infostealer Malware,
High Value Targets: Gmail Accounts, Linked Google Services (E.G., Drive, Youtube),
Data Sold on Dark Web: Gmail Accounts, Linked Google Services (E.G., Drive, Youtube),
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Entry Point: Phishing Links, Malicious Sms, Infostealer Malware,
High Value Targets: Google/Gmail credentials (for SSO access to financial/social media accounts)
Data Sold on Dark Web: Google/Gmail credentials (for SSO access to financial/social media accounts)
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Entry Point: Infostealer Malware Infections On Endpoints,
Reconnaissance Period: ['Ongoing (credentials collected over ~1 year)']
High Value Targets: Credentials For Corporate Vpns, Cloud Consoles, Payroll Systems (Via Reuse),
Data Sold on Dark Web: Credentials For Corporate Vpns, Cloud Consoles, Payroll Systems (Via Reuse),
Post-Incident Analysis
What were the root causes and corrective actions taken for each incident ?
Incident : Vulnerability Exploitation GOO1046050625
Root Causes: Misconfigurations, Known Software Flaws,
Corrective Actions: Continuous Monitoring, Automated Patch Management, Seedless Discovery,
Incident : Data Breach GOO913090225
Root Causes: Over-Reliance On Third-Party Security (Salesforce Breach Enabled Gmail Targeting)., Effectiveness Of Vishing Against Human Trust In Authority Figures (It Support)., Lack Of User Adherence To Password Hygiene Best Practices (E.G., Reuse, Infrequent Changes)., Unsecured Cloud Storage Practices (Dangling Buckets).,
Corrective Actions: Google Enhanced Monitoring Of Shinyhunters/Unc6040., Public Awareness Campaign On 2Fa And Phishing Risks., Advisories For Organizations To Audit Cloud Storage Configurations.,
Incident : Data Breach GOO21105921090425
Root Causes: Successful Social Engineering Attack (It Help Desk Impersonation)., Inadequate Safeguards For Third-Party Oauth Token Integrations (Drift/Salesloft)., Lack Of Real-Time Monitoring For Anomalous Database Access Patterns.,
Corrective Actions: Disabled Vulnerable Integrations (Drift Email) Pending Security Review., Revoked Compromised Oauth Tokens And Enforced Re-Authentication., Accelerated Rollout Of Passkey Adoption To Reduce Password-Based Risks., Enhanced Employee Training On Social Engineering Tactics.,
Incident : phishing GOO1162311090825
Root Causes: Successful Phishing Attack Due To Lack Of Employee Vigilance., Absence Of Mfa For Accessing Sensitive Systems., Over-Reliance On Single-Factor Authentication (Credentials Only).,
Corrective Actions: Promotion Of Mfa Adoption Across Services., Heightened Awareness Of Ai-Enhanced Phishing Risks.,
Incident : Unauthorized Access GOO4002740091625
Root Causes: Insufficient Authentication Controls For Account Creation In Lers,
Incident : Bug Bounty Program Analysis GOO3062030100725
Root Causes: Generic Payout Increases Can Lead To Resource Strain From Low-Value Submissions Without Improving Quality., Competition For Skilled Researchers May Divert Talent From Smaller Or Less Competitive Programs., Lack Of Clear Scope Or Reward Structure Can Result In Misaligned Researcher Efforts (E.G., Low-Risk Submissions).,
Corrective Actions: Implement Tiered Reward Structures Prioritizing High-Impact Vulnerabilities (E.G., Tier 0)., Adopt Targeted Campaigns And Bonuses For Specific Areas Of Concern To Guide Researcher Focus., Enhance Researcher Experience Through Faster Triage, Transparent Communication, And Non-Monetary Recognition., Establish Metrics To Track Program Maturity (E.G., Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Researcher Retention)., Explore Safe Harbor Policies And Paid Engagements To Build Trust With The Researcher Community., Monitor Emerging Trends (E.G., Ai Tools) And Adapt Program Designs To Integrate Automation Effectively.,
Incident : Vulnerability GOO1232812102225
Root Causes: Inappropriate implementation in the V8 JavaScript engine, discovered via AI-powered security research (Big Sleep project).
Corrective Actions: Released Patch For Chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123 To Fix The V8 Vulnerability., Leveraged Automated Tools (Addresssanitizer, Libfuzzer) To Prevent Similar Flaws., Delayed Public Disclosure Of Vulnerability Details To Allow User Patching.,
Incident : insider threat GOO5092350102625
Root Causes: Insufficient Monitoring Of Contractor Activities (E.G., Screenshot Capture)., Privileged Access Granted Without Adequate Safeguards Or Anomaly Detection., Potential Gaps In Contractor Vetting And Background Checks., Lack Of Proactive Threat Detection For Insider Threats.,
Corrective Actions: Enhancing Access Controls (Mfa, Zero-Trust Principles)., Implementing Ai-Driven Anomaly Detection For Unusual Behaviors., Conducting Internal Audits Of Contractor Security Processes., Reevaluating Outsourcing Strategies For High-Risk Operations.,
Incident : Data Breach GOO0502305103125
Root Causes: Widespread Infostealer Malware Infections On User Devices., Lack Of User Awareness About Malware Distribution Vectors (E.G., Phishing, Malicious Extensions)., Reuse Of Passwords Across Multiple Services (Enabling Credential Stuffing).,
Corrective Actions: Enhanced User Education On Malware Prevention., Promotion Of Password Managers And Passkeys., Collaboration Between Tech Companies And Cybersecurity Firms To Disrupt Malware Networks., Expansion Of Dark Web Monitoring For Leaked Credentials.,
Incident : Credential Stuffing GOO3632636110425
Root Causes: Widespread Reuse Of Passwords Across Services., Over-Reliance On Passwords And Sms-Based 2Fa., Success Of Phishing And Infostealer Campaigns In Harvesting Credentials., Delayed User Action In Resetting Compromised Passwords.,
Corrective Actions: Default Deployment Of Passkeys For Personal Google Accounts (October 2023)., Public Awareness Campaigns On Passkey Adoption And Mfa., Continuous Monitoring For Credential Stuffing Attacks., Collaboration With Password Managers (E.G., Dashlane) To Promote Secure Authentication.,
Incident : Social Engineering GOO4332743111025
Root Causes: Over-Reliance On Password-Based Authentication Despite Known Risks., Lack Of Enforcement For Mfa/Passkeys Across Sso-Dependent Services., Exploitation Of Human Vulnerabilities (E.G., Urgency In Scam Messages)., Ai Tools Lowering The Barrier For Scalable Phishing Campaigns.,
Corrective Actions: Accelerate Passkey Adoption Via Incentives (E.G., Bypassing 2Sv)., Collaborate With Fido Alliance To Standardize Passkey Implementation., Partner With Law Enforcement To Disrupt Transnational Scam Operations., Develop Ai-Driven Defenses To Detect And Block Ai-Generated Phishing Content.,
Incident : Zero-day vulnerability GOO0402404111925
Corrective Actions: Emergency Patch Deployment,
Incident : Credential Theft GOO2212622112625
Root Causes: Widespread Infostealer Malware Infections Harvesting Credentials From Endpoints., User Behavior (Password Reuse Across Services)., Lack Of Continuous Credential Monitoring In Many Organizations., Misleading Media Coverage Amplifying 'Breach' Narratives.,
Corrective Actions: Adopt Continuous Password Monitoring Solutions (E.G., Enzoic)., Block Compromised Passwords At Creation/Reset., Monitor Existing Credentials For Exposure In Real Time., Improve Endpoint Security To Prevent Infostealer Infections., Educate Users And Media On Distinguishing Credential Dumps From Direct Breaches.,
What is the company's process for conducting post-incident analysis ?
Post-Incident Analysis Process: The company's process for conducting post-incident analysis is described as Yes (Ongoing by GTIG), Phishing And Vishing Attack Patterns, , Academic Researchers (Harvard, Bocconi University, Hebrew University), Industry Experts (Intigriti, Alvearium Associates, Upcloud), , , Have I Been Pwned, Synthient, Troy Hunt, , Increased scrutiny of password fallback sign-ins, Synthient (Data Collection/Analysis), Enzoic (Continuous Password Monitoring Solutions), , Enzoic'S Continuous Password Monitoring Solutions, .
What corrective actions has the company taken based on post-incident analysis ?
Corrective Actions Taken: The company has taken the following corrective actions based on post-incident analysis: Continuous Monitoring, Automated Patch Management, Seedless Discovery, , Google Enhanced Monitoring Of Shinyhunters/Unc6040., Public Awareness Campaign On 2Fa And Phishing Risks., Advisories For Organizations To Audit Cloud Storage Configurations., , Disabled Vulnerable Integrations (Drift Email) Pending Security Review., Revoked Compromised Oauth Tokens And Enforced Re-Authentication., Accelerated Rollout Of Passkey Adoption To Reduce Password-Based Risks., Enhanced Employee Training On Social Engineering Tactics., , Promotion Of Mfa Adoption Across Services., Heightened Awareness Of Ai-Enhanced Phishing Risks., , Implement Tiered Reward Structures Prioritizing High-Impact Vulnerabilities (E.G., Tier 0)., Adopt Targeted Campaigns And Bonuses For Specific Areas Of Concern To Guide Researcher Focus., Enhance Researcher Experience Through Faster Triage, Transparent Communication, And Non-Monetary Recognition., Establish Metrics To Track Program Maturity (E.G., Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Researcher Retention)., Explore Safe Harbor Policies And Paid Engagements To Build Trust With The Researcher Community., Monitor Emerging Trends (E.G., Ai Tools) And Adapt Program Designs To Integrate Automation Effectively., , Released Patch For Chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123 To Fix The V8 Vulnerability., Leveraged Automated Tools (Addresssanitizer, Libfuzzer) To Prevent Similar Flaws., Delayed Public Disclosure Of Vulnerability Details To Allow User Patching., , Enhancing Access Controls (Mfa, Zero-Trust Principles)., Implementing Ai-Driven Anomaly Detection For Unusual Behaviors., Conducting Internal Audits Of Contractor Security Processes., Reevaluating Outsourcing Strategies For High-Risk Operations., , Enhanced User Education On Malware Prevention., Promotion Of Password Managers And Passkeys., Collaboration Between Tech Companies And Cybersecurity Firms To Disrupt Malware Networks., Expansion Of Dark Web Monitoring For Leaked Credentials., , Default Deployment Of Passkeys For Personal Google Accounts (October 2023)., Public Awareness Campaigns On Passkey Adoption And Mfa., Continuous Monitoring For Credential Stuffing Attacks., Collaboration With Password Managers (E.G., Dashlane) To Promote Secure Authentication., , Accelerate Passkey Adoption Via Incentives (E.G., Bypassing 2Sv)., Collaborate With Fido Alliance To Standardize Passkey Implementation., Partner With Law Enforcement To Disrupt Transnational Scam Operations., Develop Ai-Driven Defenses To Detect And Block Ai-Generated Phishing Content., , Emergency Patch Deployment, , Adopt Continuous Password Monitoring Solutions (E.G., Enzoic)., Block Compromised Passwords At Creation/Reset., Monitor Existing Credentials For Exposure In Real Time., Improve Endpoint Security To Prevent Infostealer Infections., Educate Users And Media On Distinguishing Credential Dumps From Direct Breaches., .
Additional Questions
General Information
Who was the attacking group in the last incident ?
Last Attacking Group: The attacking group in the last incident were an Scattered LapSus HuntersScattered SpiderLapSusShinyHunters, ShinyHuntersUNC6040 (associated with Salesforce breaches), ShinyHunters, ShinyHunters, Scattered Lapsus$ HuntersShiny HuntersScattered SpiderLapsus$, contractor (identity undisclosed), Transnational Crime GroupsChinese Organized Criminal Gangs and Unknown CybercriminalsInfostealer OperatorsCredential Aggregators.
Incident Details
What was the most recent incident detected ?
Most Recent Incident Detected: The most recent incident detected was on 2024-06.
What was the most recent incident publicly disclosed ?
Most Recent Incident Publicly Disclosed: The most recent incident publicly disclosed was on 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z.
What was the most recent incident resolved ?
Most Recent Incident Resolved: The most recent incident resolved was on 2025-10-21.
Impact of the Incidents
What was the most significant data compromised in an incident ?
Most Significant Data Compromised: The most significant data compromised in an incident were Business Data (initially 'basic and publicly available'), Login Credentials, Potential Customer Data (via dangling buckets), , Business Contact Information (Company Names, Customer Names), , corporate data from Salesforce database, information from Cisco, Louis Vuitton, Adidas, and other companies, , None (no data accessed), Play Store infrastructure details, security protocols, proprietary insights into app distribution mechanisms, screenshots (~2,000), , Email Addresses, Passwords, Website URLs, Browser Data, Session Tokens, , User Credentials (Passwords), Authentication Tokens, Cookies, , 394 million unique Gmail addresses, 183 million Gmail passwords (via infostealer malware), , 183 million credentials (email:password pairs with domains), Legacy breach data, Fresh infostealer logs and .
What was the most significant system affected in an incident ?
Most Significant System Affected: The most significant system affected in an incident were Google CloudAWS and Gmail AccountsGoogle Cloud Storage Buckets and Salesforce Database (Advertiser Management)Drift Email IntegrationOAuth Tokens and Salesforce database accessed via Google employee credentials and Google Law Enforcement Request System (LERS) and Chrome browsers (Windows, Mac, Linux) running versions prior to 141.0.7390.122/.123 and Google Play Store ecosysteminternal systems with sensitive data and and Gmail AccountsGoogle Personal Accounts and Google Chrome browser (V8 JavaScript engine).
Response to the Incidents
What third-party assistance was involved in the most recent incident ?
Third-Party Assistance in Most Recent Incident: The third-party assistance involved in the most recent incident was academic researchers (harvard, bocconi university, hebrew university), industry experts (intigriti, alvearium associates, upcloud), , have i been pwned, synthient, troy hunt, , synthient (data collection/analysis), enzoic (continuous password monitoring solutions), .
What containment measures were taken in the most recent incident ?
Containment Measures in Most Recent Incident: The containment measures taken in the most recent incident were User Notifications (Email Alerts)Public Advisory, Revoked OAuth Tokens for Drift Email IntegrationDisabled Gmail-Salesloft Drift ConnectivityNotified Google Workspace Administrators, Disabled fraudulent account, Urgent patch release (Chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123)Automatic update rollout to users, forensic investigationinternal audit of contractor processes, Public Advisory to Reset Compromised PasswordsPromotion of Passkeys as Default Authentication, Promotion of Passkey AdoptionTightened Monitoring of Password-Based Sign-Ins and Emergency 'out-of-band' patch.
Data Breach Information
What was the most sensitive data compromised in a breach ?
Most Sensitive Data Compromised: The most sensitive data compromised in a breach were 394 million unique Gmail addresses, Website URLs, Authentication Tokens, Play Store infrastructure details, Potential Customer Data (via dangling buckets), Session Tokens, Fresh infostealer logs, None (no data accessed), security protocols, Cookies, Legacy breach data, User Credentials (Passwords), screenshots (~2,000), Passwords, 183 million credentials (email:password pairs with domains), Business Data (initially 'basic and publicly available'), Email Addresses, Login Credentials, proprietary insights into app distribution mechanisms, 183 million Gmail passwords (via infostealer malware), information from Cisco, Louis Vuitton, Adidas, and other companies, corporate data from Salesforce database, Browser Data, Business Contact Information (Company Names and Customer Names).
What was the number of records exposed in the most significant breach ?
Number of Records Exposed in Most Significant Breach: The number of records exposed in the most significant breach was 23.4B.
Lessons Learned and Recommendations
What was the most significant lesson learned from past incidents ?
Most Significant Lesson Learned: The most significant lesson learned from past incidents was Automated tools (e.g., Enzoic) can block compromised passwords at creation and monitor existing credentials.
What was the most significant recommendation implemented to improve cybersecurity ?
Most Significant Recommendation Implemented: The most significant recommendation implemented to improve cybersecurity was Implement stricter password policies for third-party services using Google SSO., Enable MFA for all critical services (banking, healthcare, employment, etc.)., Organizations should audit cloud storage for dangling buckets., Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all accounts., Benchmark payouts against similar programs in your industry, but concentrate rewards on high-impact vulnerabilities., Conduct regular audits of third-party vendor and contractor security practices., Enhance threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to mitigate similar risks., Use solutions like Enzoic to automate responses (e.g., forced password resets for exposed credentials)., Developers should prioritize security testing for core components like JavaScript engines using tools like AddressSanitizer and fuzz testing., Monitor accounts for unauthorized access, especially if credentials appear in known breaches., Conduct regular security awareness training for employees., Monitor for phishing/vishing campaigns leveraging breached business data., Monitor dark web for stolen credentials or data leaks., Users should enable automatic updates for Chrome to ensure timely patching., Improve endpoint hygiene (patching, anti-malware) to reduce infostealer infections., Deploy rate limiting and anomaly detection to thwart credential-stuffing attacks., Assume breach mindset: Encourage password managers and unique passwords per service., Replace passwords with passkeys (biometric authentication) for all users., Avoid clicking unrecognized links or sharing credentials over phone/email., Enhance social engineering defenses, Audit and secure third-party integrations (e.g., Salesforce, Drift) with granular OAuth permissions., Replace weak or reused passwords with strong, unique credentials and non-SMS MFA., Identify worst-case scenario vulnerabilities and attach significant bonuses to prioritize researcher focus., Enroll high-risk users in Google’s Advanced Protection Program., Run targeted campaigns with bonus rewards for medium-to-critical vulnerabilities in specific areas of concern., Implement stricter access controls for contractors, including multi-factor authentication and least-privilege principles., Enable two-step verification and adopt passkeys for all critical accounts., Transition entirely to passkeys for Google Accounts., Adopt zero-trust security models to minimize blind spots in monitoring., Conduct regular security awareness training on vishing/social engineering., Enforce least-privilege access controls to limit lateral movement., Improve collaboration with law enforcement to track threat actors, Prioritize continuous monitoring, automated patch management, and seedless discovery to identify and remediate misconfigurations and software flaws before they can be weaponized by adversaries., Use unique, strong passwords and change them regularly., Regularly monitor credentials via services like Have I Been Pwned., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and malicious downloads., Track key metrics (signal quality, triage speed, time-to-fix) to evaluate program effectiveness and researcher satisfaction., Implement continuous password monitoring to detect exposed credentials in real time., Google should continue restricting vulnerability details until widespread patching is confirmed to prevent exploit development., Educate users on risks of password reuse and phishing/trojanized software., Organizations should follow Google’s lead in defaulting to passwordless authentication where feasible., Monitor dark web for exposed credentials linked to corporate domains., Prepare for the impact of AI tools on bug hunting by monitoring automation trends and adjusting reward structures accordingly., Monitor for fraudulent account creation attempts, Prioritize researcher experience: fast, human triage; respectful feedback; and transparent communication (e.g., updates on delays)., Educate users on recognizing phishing attempts and securing authentication tokens., Strengthen authentication mechanisms for law enforcement request systems, Conduct regular social engineering drills for employees (e.g., IT help desk impersonation scenarios)., Educate users on recognizing AI-enhanced scams (e.g., deepfake calls, automated phishing)., Monitor accounts for suspicious activity (e.g., unauthorized logins)., Define a clear, focused scope for external research to avoid low-risk submissions and align with high-risk breach prevention., Enable non-SMS two-factor authentication (2FA) across Google Workspace., Deploy AI-driven behavioral analytics to detect unusual activities (e.g., excessive screenshot capture)., Organizations should enforce browser update policies and verify patch deployment across endpoints., Reevaluate outsourcing strategies for critical operations, favoring in-house expertise where feasible., Disable password fallback options where possible., Implement trust-building measures like safe harbor policies, paid researcher engagements, and non-monetary recognition (e.g., hall of fame, swag, CEO letters)., Implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions., Enforce password hygiene policies (e.g., no reuse, strong passwords)., Integrate credential checks into authentication flows (e.g., block known-compromised passwords)., Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) universally., Deploy endpoint protection to detect and block infostealer malware. and Enable passkeys as the primary authentication method for Google Accounts..
References
What is the most recent source of information about an incident ?
Most Recent Source: The most recent source of information about an incident are Help Net Security, The Independent (Coverage), Google Security Infographic (Password Reuse), Have I Been Pwned, Commentary by Damien Fortune, CEO of Syntriqs, Newsweek, Perplexity Article, Enzoic Blog Post, Axios (2025 Salesforce-related breach), UpCloud (Jukka Seppänen, CISO and CIO), Intigriti (Ottilia Westerlund, Hacker Engagement Manager), Synthient Research Report, Cybernews (Google's Denial), Google Chrome Releases Blog, Troy Hunt (Creator of Have I Been Pwned), Google Research (Vulnerability Rewards Program Study), Geek Spin, Google Threat Analysis Group (TAG) report (implied), Article describing the Google phishing incident and ShinyHunters attack, Fast Company, Google Cloud Blog Post (GTIG), Google Security Advisory (Social Media), The Information, Forbes, NordPass Research, Cybernews (Technical Explainer), BleepingComputer, Synthient's Analysis, Google Security Blog, Google Cloud Blog (vishing attacks), CVE Details for CVE-2025-12036, Google Official Blog, Google Account Help (Passkeys), Alvearium Associates (Christian Toon, Chief Security Strategist), Bloomberg (federal contractor hacks report), Fox News, Techi (Coverage) and Dashlane Passkey Adoption Report.
What is the most recent URL for additional resources on cybersecurity best practices ?
Most Recent URL for Additional Resources: The most recent URL for additional resources on cybersecurity best practices is https://www.newsweek.com/google-gmail-password-update-data-breach-1823456, https://blog.google/technology/safety-security/google-security-alert-august-2025/, https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13115501, https://www.helpnetsecurity.com, https://www.intigriti.com, https://www.upcloud.com, https://haveibeenpwned.com, https://www.forbes.com, https://www.fastcompany.com/91060569/google-gmail-passwords-passkeys-scams-ai, https://nordpass.com/most-common-passwords-list/, https://www.dashlane.com/blog/passkey-adoption-report, https://cybernews.com/security/google-denies-183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked/, https://cybernews.com/security/183-million-gmail-passwords-leaked-expert-analysis/, https://www.enzoic.com/blog/183-million-credentials/ .
Investigation Status
What is the current status of the most recent investigation ?
Current Status of Most Recent Investigation: The current status of the most recent investigation is ongoing (developing story).
Stakeholder and Customer Advisories
What was the most recent stakeholder advisory issued ?
Most Recent Stakeholder Advisory: The most recent stakeholder advisory issued was Urgent warning to 2.5B Gmail/Google Cloud users, Google Workspace administrators notified of breach and mitigation steps., Gmail users advised to update passwords, enable 2FA, and adopt passkeys., Bug bounty program managers should align reward structures with business-critical vulnerabilities to optimize resource allocation., Security teams must balance triage efficiency with researcher engagement to maintain trust and program effectiveness., Industry collaboration (e.g., benchmarking, shared insights) can help smaller programs compete for researcher attention., Google advised users to update Chrome immediately via the 'About Chrome' settings menu., Google and cybersecurity firms urge users to check exposure via Have I Been Pwned and secure accounts., Users advised to reset passwords if found in breaches., Strong recommendation to adopt passkeys and non-SMS MFA., Clarification that no new Gmail breach occurred, but credential hygiene remains critical., Users advised to enable passkeys and review account activity for unauthorized access., Google's public statement clarifying no breach occurred., Security community advisories on credential monitoring best practices., .
What was the most recent customer advisory issued ?
Most Recent Customer Advisory: The most recent customer advisory issued were an Email notifications sent on 2024-08-08Public guidance on password hygiene and 2FA, Avoid clicking unsolicited email links.Check for login alerts in Gmail.Report phishing attempts via Google’s reporting tools.Consider enrolling in the Advanced Protection Program for high-risk accounts., Google clarified that regular Gmail data was not compromised., Public statement confirming no data was accessed, Users were instructed to verify their Chrome version and install updates to mitigate the RCE risk., Users advised to change passwords, enable MFA, and monitor for suspicious activity., Reset compromised passwords immediately.Enable passkeys for Google Accounts (default since October 2023).Use non-SMS MFA (e.g., authenticator apps or hardware keys).Avoid reusing passwords across platforms., Google published guidelines on passkey setup and scam avoidance (e.g., https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/13669361). and Users advised to change passwords if reused across services.Recommendations to enable multi-factor authentication (MFA).
Initial Access Broker
What was the most recent entry point used by an initial access broker ?
Most Recent Entry Point: The most recent entry point used by an initial access broker were an phishing email to Google employee, IT Help Desk Impersonation (Social Engineering), Fraudulent account creation in LERS platform and privileged contractor access.
What was the most recent reconnaissance period for an incident ?
Most Recent Reconnaissance Period: The most recent reconnaissance period for an incident was Detected in June 2024; intrusions by August 2024, several weeks (prolonged breach), Nearly one year (monitored by Synthient), Ongoing (credentials collected over ~1 year).
Post-Incident Analysis
What was the most significant root cause identified in post-incident analysis ?
Most Significant Root Cause: The most significant root cause identified in post-incident analysis was MisconfigurationsKnown Software Flaws, Over-reliance on third-party security (Salesforce breach enabled Gmail targeting).Effectiveness of vishing against human trust in authority figures (IT support).Lack of user adherence to password hygiene best practices (e.g., reuse, infrequent changes).Unsecured cloud storage practices (dangling buckets)., Successful social engineering attack (IT help desk impersonation).Inadequate safeguards for third-party OAuth token integrations (Drift/Salesloft).Lack of real-time monitoring for anomalous database access patterns., Successful phishing attack due to lack of employee vigilance.Absence of MFA for accessing sensitive systems.Over-reliance on single-factor authentication (credentials only)., Insufficient authentication controls for account creation in LERS, Generic payout increases can lead to resource strain from low-value submissions without improving quality.Competition for skilled researchers may divert talent from smaller or less competitive programs.Lack of clear scope or reward structure can result in misaligned researcher efforts (e.g., low-risk submissions)., Inappropriate implementation in the V8 JavaScript engine, discovered via AI-powered security research (Big Sleep project)., Insufficient monitoring of contractor activities (e.g., screenshot capture).Privileged access granted without adequate safeguards or anomaly detection.Potential gaps in contractor vetting and background checks.Lack of proactive threat detection for insider threats., Widespread infostealer malware infections on user devices.Lack of user awareness about malware distribution vectors (e.g., phishing, malicious extensions).Reuse of passwords across multiple services (enabling credential stuffing)., Widespread reuse of passwords across services.Over-reliance on passwords and SMS-based 2FA.Success of phishing and infostealer campaigns in harvesting credentials.Delayed user action in resetting compromised passwords., Over-reliance on password-based authentication despite known risks.Lack of enforcement for MFA/passkeys across SSO-dependent services.Exploitation of human vulnerabilities (e.g., urgency in scam messages).AI tools lowering the barrier for scalable phishing campaigns., Widespread infostealer malware infections harvesting credentials from endpoints.User behavior (password reuse across services).Lack of continuous credential monitoring in many organizations.Misleading media coverage amplifying 'breach' narratives..
What was the most significant corrective action taken based on post-incident analysis ?
Most Significant Corrective Action: The most significant corrective action taken based on post-incident analysis was Continuous MonitoringAutomated Patch ManagementSeedless Discovery, Google enhanced monitoring of ShinyHunters/UNC6040.Public awareness campaign on 2FA and phishing risks.Advisories for organizations to audit cloud storage configurations., Disabled vulnerable integrations (Drift Email) pending security review.Revoked compromised OAuth tokens and enforced re-authentication.Accelerated rollout of passkey adoption to reduce password-based risks.Enhanced employee training on social engineering tactics., Promotion of MFA adoption across services.Heightened awareness of AI-enhanced phishing risks., Implement tiered reward structures prioritizing high-impact vulnerabilities (e.g., Tier 0).Adopt targeted campaigns and bonuses for specific areas of concern to guide researcher focus.Enhance researcher experience through faster triage, transparent communication, and non-monetary recognition.Establish metrics to track program maturity (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio, researcher retention).Explore safe harbor policies and paid engagements to build trust with the researcher community.Monitor emerging trends (e.g., AI tools) and adapt program designs to integrate automation effectively., Released patch for Chrome 141.0.7390.122/.123 to fix the V8 vulnerability.Leveraged automated tools (AddressSanitizer, libFuzzer) to prevent similar flaws.Delayed public disclosure of vulnerability details to allow user patching., Enhancing access controls (MFA, zero-trust principles).Implementing AI-driven anomaly detection for unusual behaviors.Conducting internal audits of contractor security processes.Reevaluating outsourcing strategies for high-risk operations., Enhanced user education on malware prevention.Promotion of password managers and passkeys.Collaboration between tech companies and cybersecurity firms to disrupt malware networks.Expansion of dark web monitoring for leaked credentials., Default deployment of passkeys for personal Google Accounts (October 2023).Public awareness campaigns on passkey adoption and MFA.Continuous monitoring for credential stuffing attacks.Collaboration with password managers (e.g., Dashlane) to promote secure authentication., Accelerate passkey adoption via incentives (e.g., bypassing 2SV).Collaborate with FIDO Alliance to standardize passkey implementation.Partner with law enforcement to disrupt transnational scam operations.Develop AI-driven defenses to detect and block AI-generated phishing content., Emergency patch deployment, Adopt continuous password monitoring solutions (e.g., Enzoic).Block compromised passwords at creation/reset.Monitor existing credentials for exposure in real time.Improve endpoint security to prevent infostealer infections.Educate users and media on distinguishing credential dumps from direct breaches..
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Latest Global CVEs (Not Company-Specific)
Description
ThingsBoard in versions prior to v4.2.1 allows an authenticated user to upload malicious SVG images via the "Image Gallery", leading to a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. The exploit can be triggered when any user accesses the public API endpoint of the malicious SVG images, or if the malicious images are embedded in an `iframe` element, during a widget creation, deployed to any page of the platform (e.g., dashboards), and accessed during normal operations. The vulnerability resides in the `ImageController`, which fails to restrict the execution of JavaScript code when an image is loaded by the user's browser. This vulnerability can lead to the execution of malicious code in the context of other users' sessions, potentially compromising their accounts and allowing unauthorized actions.
Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 6.2
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description
Mattermost versions 11.0.x <= 11.0.2, 10.12.x <= 10.12.1, 10.11.x <= 10.11.4, 10.5.x <= 10.5.12 fail to to verify that the token used during the code exchange originates from the same authentication flow, which allows an authenticated user to perform account takeover via a specially crafted email address used when switching authentication methods and sending a request to the /users/login/sso/code-exchange endpoint. The vulnerability requires ExperimentalEnableAuthenticationTransfer to be enabled (default: enabled) and RequireEmailVerification to be disabled (default: disabled).
Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 9.9
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
Description
Mattermost versions 11.0.x <= 11.0.2, 10.12.x <= 10.12.1, 10.11.x <= 10.11.4, 10.5.x <= 10.5.12 fail to sanitize team email addresses to be visible only to Team Admins, which allows any authenticated user to view team email addresses via the GET /api/v4/channels/{channel_id}/common_teams endpoint
Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 4.3
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
References
Description
Exposure of email service credentials to users without administrative rights in Devolutions Server.This issue affects Devolutions Server: before 2025.2.21, before 2025.3.9.
Description
Exposure of credentials in unintended requests in Devolutions Server.This issue affects Server: through 2025.2.20, through 2025.3.8.
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