Incident Score: Analysis & Impact (SAN1779287064)
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Rankiteo Score Impact Analysis
Key Highlights From The Incident Analysis
- Timeline of Sangoma's Vulnerability and lateral movement inside company's environment.
- Overview of affected data sets, including SSNs and PHI, and why they materially increase incident severity.
- How Rankiteo’s incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score.
- How this cyber incident impacts Sangoma Rankiteo cyber scoring and cyber rating.
- Rankiteo’s MITRE ATT&CK correlation analysis for this incident, with associated confidence level.
Full Incident Analysis Transcript
In this Rankiteo incident briefing, we review the Sangoma breach identified under incident ID SAN1779287064.
The analysis begins with a detailed overview of Sangoma's information like the linkedin page: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sangoma, the number of followers: 47352, the industry type: Telecommunications and the number of employees: 622 employees
After the initial compromise, the video explains how Rankiteo's incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score. The incident score before the incident was 632 and after the incident was 627 with a difference of -5 which is could be a good indicator of the severity and impact of the incident.
In the next step of the video, we will analyze in more details the incident and the impact it had on Sangoma and their customers.
FreePBX recently reported "Critical FreePBX Vulnerability Exposes User Portals to Unauthenticated Attacks", a noteworthy cybersecurity incident.
A severe security flaw in the open-source IP PBX platform FreePBX (CVE-2026-46376) allows unauthenticated attackers to gain access to user portals via hard-coded credentials in the User Control Panel (UCP).
The disruption is felt across the environment, affecting FreePBX User Control Panel (UCP), and exposing Sensitive data exposure.
In response, moved swiftly to contain the threat with measures like Patches released (FreePBX 16.0.45+ and 17.0.7+), and began remediation that includes Audit deployments for unmodified default credentials, restrict UCP/ACP access via VPN/MFA/IP-based restrictions.
The case underscores how teams are taking away lessons such as Highlights risks of insecure default configurations in enterprise systems, and recommending next steps like Audit deployments for unmodified default credentials, implement additional security measures (VPN, MFA, IP-based restrictions).
Finally, we try to match the incident with the MITRE ATT&CK framework to see if there is any correlation between the incident and the MITRE ATT&CK framework.
The MITRE ATT&CK framework is a knowledge base of techniques and sub-techniques that are used to describe the tactics and procedures of cyber adversaries. It is a powerful tool for understanding the threat landscape and for developing effective defense strategies.
MITRE ATT&CK® Correlation Analysis
Rankiteo's analysis has identified several MITRE ATT&CK tactics and techniques associated with this incident, each with varying levels of confidence based on available evidence. Under the Initial Access tactic, the analysis identified Valid Accounts (T1078) with high confidence (90%), with evidence including hard-coded credentials in the User Control Panel (UCP), and default credentials embedded in the userman module and Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) with moderate to high confidence (80%), with evidence including network-based attack vector, and freePBX User Control Panel (UCP) exposed to unauthenticated attacks. Under the Credential Access tactic, the analysis identified Valid Accounts: Default Accounts (T1078.001) with high confidence (95%), with evidence including use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798), and default credentials embedded in the userman module’s generic template. Under the Lateral Movement tactic, the analysis identified Valid Accounts (T1078) with moderate to high confidence (70%), with evidence including unauthorized access to user accounts via the UCP, and manipulation of user settings and configurations. Under the Collection tactic, the analysis identified Data from Local System (T1005) with moderate to high confidence (80%), with evidence including exposure of sensitive data, and user account data, sensitive configurations compromised. Under the Exfiltration tactic, the analysis identified Exfiltration Over C2 Channel (T1041) with moderate confidence (60%), with evidence including sensitive data exposure, and potential data exfiltration via unauthorized UCP access. Under the Impact tactic, the analysis identified Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004) with moderate confidence (50%), with evidence including manipulation of user settings and configurations, and potential disruption of VoIP services and Account Access Removal (T1531) with lower confidence (40%), supported by evidence indicating unauthorized access to user accounts via the UCP. These correlations help security teams understand the attack chain and develop appropriate defensive measures based on the observed tactics and techniques.
Sources & References
- Sangoma Rankiteo Cyber Incident Details: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/sangoma/incident/SAN1779287064
- Sangoma CyberSecurity Rating page: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/sangoma
- Sangoma Rankiteo Cyber Incident Blog Article: https://blog.rankiteo.com/san1779287064-sangoma-vulnerability-january-2021/
- Sangoma CyberSecurity Score History: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/sangoma/history
- Sangoma CyberSecurity Incident Source: https://cybersecuritynews.com/freepbx-vulnerability/
- Rankiteo A.I CyberSecurity Rating methodology: https://www.rankiteo.com/Images/rankiteo_algo.pdf
- Rankiteo TPRM Scoring methodology: https://static.rankiteo.com/model/rankiteo_tprm_methodology.pdf