Incident Score: Analysis & Impact (PAR1767828718)
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Rankiteo Score Impact Analysis
Key Highlights From The Incident Analysis
- Timeline of Parallax's Vulnerability and lateral movement inside company's environment.
- Overview of affected data sets, including SSNs and PHI, and why they materially increase incident severity.
- How Rankiteo’s incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score.
- How this cyber incident impacts Parallax Rankiteo cyber scoring and cyber rating.
- Rankiteo’s MITRE ATT&CK correlation analysis for this incident, with associated confidence level.
Full Incident Analysis Transcript
In this Rankiteo incident briefing, we review the Parallax breach identified under incident ID PAR1767828718.
The analysis begins with a detailed overview of Parallax's information like the linkedin page: https://www.linkedin.com/company/parallax-agency, the number of followers: 4376, the industry type: IT Services and IT Consulting and the number of employees: 45 employees
After the initial compromise, the video explains how Rankiteo's incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score. The incident score before the incident was 750 and after the incident was 748 with a difference of -2 which is could be a good indicator of the severity and impact of the incident.
In the next step of the video, we will analyze in more details the incident and the impact it had on Parallax and their customers.
jsPDF Library Users recently reported "Critical Local File Inclusion Vulnerability in jsPDF Library (CVE-2025-68428)", a noteworthy cybersecurity incident.
The jsPDF library for generating PDF documents in JavaScript applications is vulnerable to a critical vulnerability that allows an attacker to steal sensitive data from the local filesystem by including it in generated files.
The disruption is felt across the environment, affecting Applications using vulnerable versions of jsPDF (Node.js builds), and exposing Sensitive data from local filesystem.
In response, moved swiftly to contain the threat with measures like Restricting filesystem access by default in jsPDF v4.0.0, and began remediation that includes Upgrade to jsPDF v4.0.0 or later, sanitize user-provided paths, use Node.js permission mode (versions 22.13.0, 23.5.0, or 24.0.0+).
The case underscores how teams are taking away lessons such as Importance of input sanitization, restricting filesystem access, and using Node.js permission mode for security, and recommending next steps like Upgrade to jsPDF v4.0.0 or later, Sanitize user-provided paths before passing them to jsPDF and Use Node.js versions 22.13.0, 23.5.0, or 24.0.0+ with permission mode enabled.
Finally, we try to match the incident with the MITRE ATT&CK framework to see if there is any correlation between the incident and the MITRE ATT&CK framework.
The MITRE ATT&CK framework is a knowledge base of techniques and sub-techniques that are used to describe the tactics and procedures of cyber adversaries. It is a powerful tool for understanding the threat landscape and for developing effective defense strategies.
MITRE ATT&CK® Correlation Analysis
Rankiteo's analysis has identified several MITRE ATT&CK tactics and techniques associated with this incident, each with varying levels of confidence based on available evidence. Under the Initial Access tactic, the analysis identified Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) with moderate confidence (60%), supported by evidence indicating critical Vulnerability in jsPDF...allows attackers to steal sensitive files and Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) with moderate to high confidence (70%), supported by evidence indicating unsanitized user input passed to the `loadFile` function enables unauthorized file access. Under the Execution tactic, the analysis identified Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059) with moderate to high confidence (80%), supported by evidence indicating jsPDF library, widely used for JavaScript-based PDF generation. Under the Credential Access tactic, the analysis identified Unsecured Credentials: Credentials In Files (T1552.001) with moderate confidence (50%), supported by evidence indicating steal sensitive files from the local filesystem. Under the Collection tactic, the analysis identified Data from Local System (T1005) with high confidence (90%), supported by evidence indicating allows attackers to steal sensitive files from the local filesystem and Data from Cloud Storage (T1530) with lower confidence (40%), supported by evidence indicating local filesystem data (potentially sensitive files). Under the Exfiltration tactic, the analysis identified Exfiltration Over C2 Channel (T1041) with moderate confidence (60%), supported by evidence indicating data exfiltration via generated PDFs and Automated Exfiltration (T1020) with moderate to high confidence (70%), supported by evidence indicating embedding them in generated PDFs. Under the Defense Evasion tactic, the analysis identified Masquerading (T1036) with moderate confidence (50%), supported by evidence indicating generated PDFs (legitimate output) and Exploitation for Defense Evasion (T1211) with moderate confidence (60%), supported by evidence indicating path traversal issue in jsPDF versions prior to 4.0.0. These correlations help security teams understand the attack chain and develop appropriate defensive measures based on the observed tactics and techniques.
Sources & References
- Parallax Rankiteo Cyber Incident Details: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/parallax-agency/incident/PAR1767828718
- Parallax CyberSecurity Rating page: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/parallax-agency
- Parallax Rankiteo Cyber Incident Blog Article: https://blog.rankiteo.com/par1767828718-vulnerability-january-2025/
- Parallax CyberSecurity Score History: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/parallax-agency/history
- Parallax CyberSecurity Incident Source: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/critical-jspdf-flaw-lets-hackers-steal-secrets-via-generated-pdfs/
- Rankiteo A.I CyberSecurity Rating methodology: https://www.rankiteo.com/Images/rankiteo_algo.pdf
- Rankiteo TPRM Scoring methodology: https://static.rankiteo.com/model/rankiteo_tprm_methodology.pdf