CH
Company Details
Linkedin ID:
city-of-houston
Website:
Employees number:
10,445
Number of followers:
99,475
NAICS:
92
Industry Type:
Homepage:
houstontx.gov
IP Addresses:
0
Company ID:
CIT_3157075
Scan Status:
In-progress
City of Houston Company CyberSecurity Posture
houstontx.gov
Home to a respected and energetic cultural arts scene, celebrated restaurants featuring flavors from 35 countries, world-renowned theater groups and the brains behind U.S. space exploration, Houston is a diverse metropolis brimming with personality. With nearly 21,000 concerts, plays, exhibitions and other arts programs presented in Houston annually, residents and visitors have access to a wide variety of cultural programs. On any given night, it's a safe bet that there's a show somewhere in Houston's Theater District. More than 2 million people visit the Downtown area each year to attend one of the city's world-class performances. Within the Museum District you will find eighteen world-class institutions, including the Menil Collection, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston and the Houston Museum of Natural Science are clustered in this area, drawing a reported seven million visitors to the district each year. Houston’s restaurant scene is as ethnically diverse as its 4 million residents. ForbesTraveler.com ranked Houston as one of the best restaurant cities in America. The city is jam-packed with more than 8,000 tempting eateries that feature culinary flavors from more than 35 countries. With 56,405 acres of total park space, Houston rates first among the nation's 10 most populous cities in total acreage of park land. The 165 public and private golf courses around the city and teams in nearly every major professional sport keep sports fever high year-round. The city also employs over 22,000 full-time staff to keep the city running. We are always looking for everyone from Engineers to IT Professionals, from entry level to executive level. Check back here for current postings, follow us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/cohcareers or on Twitter @COHCareers for all the up to date recruitment happenings!
City of Houston A.I CyberSecurity Scoring
CH Risk Score (AI oriented)Between 650 and 699
CH
Updated:
- Powered by our proprietary A.I cyber incident model
- Insurance preferes TPRM score to calculate premium
CH Global Score (TPRM)XXXX
CH
- Instant access to detailed risk factors
- Benchmark vs. industry & size peers
- Vulnerabilities
- Findings
CH Company CyberSecurity News & History
Past Incidents
2
Attack Types
2
City of Houston (Houston Fire Department - HFD)
Breach
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: The City of Houston inadvertently exposed a data breach affecting **7,525 current and former Houston Fire Department (HFD) employees** after sharing a link intended for promotion exam information. The link, distributed by the city’s Human Resources Director, granted unauthorized access to **non-password-protected folders containing Social Security numbers (SSNs)**. While the city initially blamed HFD members for accessing and downloading the data, the Houston Professional Fire Fighters Association (HPFFA) denied responsibility, asserting the breach stemmed from the city’s failure to secure the link. The exposure was accidental, with no evidence of malicious intent, but it resulted in the compromise of sensitive employee PII (Personally Identifiable Information). The incident highlights systemic lapses in data protection protocols within municipal operations, raising concerns over accountability and internal safeguards for handling confidential records.
City of Houston
Data Leak
Rankiteo Explanation
Attack with significant impact with internal employee data leaks
Description: Information about City of Houston employees’ health insurance was compromised after an employee’s laptop computer was stolen. The password-protected computer may have contained records, including names, addresses, dates of birth, Social Security numbers and other medical information. Professionals are trained not to remove laptops from City offices unless sensitive data is encrypted but apparently one employee “failed to follow his training.”
CH Company Scoring based on AI Models
Cyber Incidents Likelihood 3 - 6 - 9 months
A.I Risk Score Likelihood 3 - 6 - 9 months
Underwriter Stats for CH
Incidents vs Government Administration Industry Average (This Year)
City of Houston has 53.85% more incidents than the average of same-industry companies with at least one recorded incident.
Incidents vs All-Companies Average (This Year)
City of Houston has 56.25% more incidents than the average of all companies with at least one recorded incident.
Incident Types CH vs Government Administration Industry Avg (This Year)
City of Houston reported 1 incidents this year: 0 cyber attacks, 0 ransomware, 0 vulnerabilities, 1 data breaches, compared to industry peers with at least 1 incident.
Incident History — CH (X = Date, Y = Severity)
CH cyber incidents detection timeline including parent company and subsidiaries
CH Company Subsidiaries
Home to a respected and energetic cultural arts scene, celebrated restaurants featuring flavors from 35 countries, world-renowned theater groups and the brains behind U.S. space exploration, Houston is a diverse metropolis brimming with personality. With nearly 21,000 concerts, plays, exhibitions and other arts programs presented in Houston annually, residents and visitors have access to a wide variety of cultural programs. On any given night, it's a safe bet that there's a show somewhere in Houston's Theater District. More than 2 million people visit the Downtown area each year to attend one of the city's world-class performances. Within the Museum District you will find eighteen world-class institutions, including the Menil Collection, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston and the Houston Museum of Natural Science are clustered in this area, drawing a reported seven million visitors to the district each year. Houston’s restaurant scene is as ethnically diverse as its 4 million residents. ForbesTraveler.com ranked Houston as one of the best restaurant cities in America. The city is jam-packed with more than 8,000 tempting eateries that feature culinary flavors from more than 35 countries. With 56,405 acres of total park space, Houston rates first among the nation's 10 most populous cities in total acreage of park land. The 165 public and private golf courses around the city and teams in nearly every major professional sport keep sports fever high year-round. The city also employs over 22,000 full-time staff to keep the city running. We are always looking for everyone from Engineers to IT Professionals, from entry level to executive level. Check back here for current postings, follow us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/cohcareers or on Twitter @COHCareers for all the up to date recruitment happenings!
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Frequently Asked Questions
Explore insights on cybersecurity incidents, risk posture, and Rankiteo's assessments.
CH CyberSecurity History Information
Official Website of City of Houston
The official website of City of Houston is http://www.houstontx.gov/.
City of Houston’s AI-Generated Cybersecurity Score
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston’s AI-generated cybersecurity score is 689, reflecting their Weak security posture.
How many security badges does City of Houston’ have ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston currently holds 0 security badges, indicating that no recognized compliance certifications are currently verified for the organization.
Does City of Houston have SOC 2 Type 1 certification ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston is not certified under SOC 2 Type 1.
Does City of Houston have SOC 2 Type 2 certification ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston does not hold a SOC 2 Type 2 certification.
Does City of Houston comply with GDPR ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston is not listed as GDPR compliant.
Does City of Houston have PCI DSS certification ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston does not currently maintain PCI DSS compliance.
Does City of Houston comply with HIPAA ?
According to Rankiteo, City of Houston is not compliant with HIPAA regulations.
Does City of Houston have ISO 27001 certification ?
According to Rankiteo,City of Houston is not certified under ISO 27001, indicating the absence of a formally recognized information security management framework.
Industry Classification of City of Houston
City of Houston operates primarily in the Government Administration industry.
Number of Employees at City of Houston
City of Houston employs approximately 10,445 people worldwide.
Subsidiaries Owned by City of Houston
City of Houston presently has no subsidiaries across any sectors.
City of Houston’s LinkedIn Followers
City of Houston’s official LinkedIn profile has approximately 99,475 followers.
NAICS Classification of City of Houston
City of Houston is classified under the NAICS code 92, which corresponds to Public Administration.
City of Houston’s Presence on Crunchbase
No, City of Houston does not have a profile on Crunchbase.
City of Houston’s Presence on LinkedIn
Yes, City of Houston maintains an official LinkedIn profile, which is actively utilized for branding and talent engagement, which can be accessed here: https://www.linkedin.com/company/city-of-houston.
Cybersecurity Incidents Involving City of Houston
As of November 27, 2025, Rankiteo reports that City of Houston has experienced 2 cybersecurity incidents.
Number of Peer and Competitor Companies
City of Houston has an estimated 11,106 peer or competitor companies worldwide.
What types of cybersecurity incidents have occurred at City of Houston ?
Incident Types: The types of cybersecurity incidents that have occurred include Data Leak and Breach.
How does City of Houston detect and respond to cybersecurity incidents ?
Detection and Response: The company detects and responds to cybersecurity incidents through an incident response plan activated with yes (fire chief blocked unauthorized access after being notified), and containment measures with blocking access to the unsecured link, and communication strategy with internal letter from hr director (jane e. cheeks) to hfd members; public statements by hpffa president patrick lancton..
Incident Details
Can you provide details on each incident ?
Title: Data Breach Due to Stolen Laptop
Description: Information about City of Houston employees’ health insurance was compromised after an employee’s laptop computer was stolen.
Type: Data Breach
Attack Vector: Physical Theft
Vulnerability Exploited: Unencrypted Data
Title: City of Houston Firefighters' Data Breach via Unsecured Link
Description: The City of Houston inadvertently shared a link intended for firefighters’ promotion exam information, which led at least one Houston Fire Department (HFD) employee to access unprotected folders containing Social Security numbers (SSNs) of 7,525 current and former HFD members. The city initially blamed HFD members for accessing the data, but the Houston Professional Fire Fighters Association (HPFFA) denied responsibility, stating the breach was due to the city’s failure to secure the link. The access was described as inadvertent by city officials.
Type: Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure)
Attack Vector: Misconfigured/Unsecured Link (Human Error)
Vulnerability Exploited: Lack of Access Controls (No Password Protection)
Motivation: Accidental (No Malicious Intent)
What are the most common types of attacks the company has faced ?
Common Attack Types: The most common types of attacks the company has faced is Breach.
Impact of the Incidents
What was the impact of each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Data Compromised: Names, Addresses, Dates of birth, Social security numbers, Medical information
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Data Compromised: Social security numbers (ssns)
Operational Impact: Potential Trust Erosion Between City and HFD Members; Reputational Harm
Brand Reputation Impact: Negative (Public Dispute Over Responsibility; Erosion of Trust in City's Data Handling)
Identity Theft Risk: High (SSNs of 7,525 Individuals Exposed)
What types of data are most commonly compromised in incidents ?
Commonly Compromised Data Types: The types of data most commonly compromised in incidents are Personally Identifiable Information, Medical Information, , Social Security Numbers (Ssns) and .
Which entities were affected by each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Entity Name: City of Houston
Entity Type: Government
Industry: Public Sector
Location: Houston, Texas
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Entity Name: City of Houston
Entity Type: Government (Municipal)
Industry: Public Administration
Location: Houston, Texas, USA
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Entity Name: Houston Fire Department (HFD)
Entity Type: Government Agency (Fire/EMS)
Industry: Public Safety
Location: Houston, Texas, USA
Customers Affected: 7,525 (current and former HFD members)
Response to the Incidents
What measures were taken in response to each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Incident Response Plan Activated: Yes (Fire Chief Blocked Unauthorized Access After Being Notified)
Containment Measures: Blocking Access to the Unsecured Link
Communication Strategy: Internal Letter from HR Director (Jane E. Cheeks) to HFD Members; Public Statements by HPFFA President Patrick Lancton
What is the company's incident response plan?
Incident Response Plan: The company's incident response plan is described as Yes (Fire Chief Blocked Unauthorized Access After Being Notified).
Data Breach Information
What type of data was compromised in each breach ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Type of Data Compromised: Personally identifiable information, Medical information
Sensitivity of Data: High
Data Encryption: None
Personally Identifiable Information: NamesAddressesDates of BirthSocial Security numbers
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Type of Data Compromised: Social security numbers (ssns)
Number of Records Exposed: 7,525
Sensitivity of Data: High (Personally Identifiable Information - PII)
Data Exfiltration: Yes (Downloaded by at Least One HFD Employee)
Data Encryption: No (Data Was Not Password-Protected)
Personally Identifiable Information: Yes (SSNs)
How does the company handle incidents involving personally identifiable information (PII) ?
Handling of PII Incidents: The company handles incidents involving personally identifiable information (PII) through by blocking access to the unsecured link and .
Lessons Learned and Recommendations
What lessons were learned from each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Lessons Learned: Employees should strictly follow training guidelines, especially regarding the encryption of sensitive data when removing laptops from the office.
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Lessons Learned: Importance of access controls for shared links, even when distributed internally; need for clear accountability in data handling processes; transparent communication during incident response to avoid blame-shifting.
What recommendations were made to prevent future incidents ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Recommendations: Implement stricter policies for data encryption and ensure regular training for employees on data protection practices.
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Recommendations: Implement mandatory password protection for all shared links containing sensitive data., Conduct regular audits of data-sharing practices to prevent unintentional exposures., Provide training for employees on secure data handling and reporting procedures., Establish a clear incident response protocol to avoid public disputes over responsibility.Implement mandatory password protection for all shared links containing sensitive data., Conduct regular audits of data-sharing practices to prevent unintentional exposures., Provide training for employees on secure data handling and reporting procedures., Establish a clear incident response protocol to avoid public disputes over responsibility.Implement mandatory password protection for all shared links containing sensitive data., Conduct regular audits of data-sharing practices to prevent unintentional exposures., Provide training for employees on secure data handling and reporting procedures., Establish a clear incident response protocol to avoid public disputes over responsibility.Implement mandatory password protection for all shared links containing sensitive data., Conduct regular audits of data-sharing practices to prevent unintentional exposures., Provide training for employees on secure data handling and reporting procedures., Establish a clear incident response protocol to avoid public disputes over responsibility.
What are the key lessons learned from past incidents ?
Key Lessons Learned: The key lessons learned from past incidents are Employees should strictly follow training guidelines, especially regarding the encryption of sensitive data when removing laptops from the office.Importance of access controls for shared links, even when distributed internally; need for clear accountability in data handling processes; transparent communication during incident response to avoid blame-shifting.
What recommendations has the company implemented to improve cybersecurity ?
Implemented Recommendations: The company has implemented the following recommendations to improve cybersecurity: Implement stricter policies for data encryption and ensure regular training for employees on data protection practices..
References
Where can I find more information about each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Source: KPRC 2 Investigates
Where can stakeholders find additional resources on cybersecurity best practices ?
Additional Resources: Stakeholders can find additional resources on cybersecurity best practices at and Source: KPRC 2 Investigates.
Investigation Status
What is the current status of the investigation for each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Investigation Status: Ongoing (Dispute Over Responsibility; No Formal Investigation Details Provided)
How does the company communicate the status of incident investigations to stakeholders ?
Communication of Investigation Status: The company communicates the status of incident investigations to stakeholders through Internal Letter From Hr Director (Jane E. Cheeks) To Hfd Members; Public Statements By Hpffa President Patrick Lancton.
Stakeholder and Customer Advisories
Were there any advisories issued to stakeholders or customers for each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Customer Advisories: Letter from HR Director Jane E. Cheeks to HFD Members
What advisories does the company provide to stakeholders and customers following an incident ?
Advisories Provided: The company provides the following advisories to stakeholders and customers following an incident: were Letter From Hr Director Jane E. Cheeks To Hfd Members and .
Post-Incident Analysis
What were the root causes and corrective actions taken for each incident ?
Incident : Data Breach CIT17276622
Root Causes: Employee failed to follow training guidelines regarding data encryption.
Incident : Data Breach (Unintentional Exposure) CIT3062330110525
Root Causes: Lack Of Access Controls (No Password Protection) For The Shared Link., Human Error In Distributing The Link Without Verifying Security Measures., Inadequate Oversight Of Data-Sharing Practices By The City Of Houston.,
Additional Questions
Impact of the Incidents
What was the most significant data compromised in an incident ?
Most Significant Data Compromised: The most significant data compromised in an incident were Names, Addresses, Dates of Birth, Social Security numbers, Medical Information, , Social Security Numbers (SSNs) and .
Response to the Incidents
What containment measures were taken in the most recent incident ?
Containment Measures in Most Recent Incident: The containment measures taken in the most recent incident was Blocking Access to the Unsecured Link.
Data Breach Information
What was the most sensitive data compromised in a breach ?
Most Sensitive Data Compromised: The most sensitive data compromised in a breach were Addresses, Medical Information, Social Security numbers, Social Security Numbers (SSNs), Dates of Birth and Names.
What was the number of records exposed in the most significant breach ?
Number of Records Exposed in Most Significant Breach: The number of records exposed in the most significant breach was 7.5K.
Lessons Learned and Recommendations
What was the most significant lesson learned from past incidents ?
Most Significant Lesson Learned: The most significant lesson learned from past incidents was Employees should strictly follow training guidelines, especially regarding the encryption of sensitive data when removing laptops from the office., Importance of access controls for shared links, even when distributed internally; need for clear accountability in data handling processes; transparent communication during incident response to avoid blame-shifting.
What was the most significant recommendation implemented to improve cybersecurity ?
Most Significant Recommendation Implemented: The most significant recommendation implemented to improve cybersecurity was Conduct regular audits of data-sharing practices to prevent unintentional exposures., Implement mandatory password protection for all shared links containing sensitive data., Provide training for employees on secure data handling and reporting procedures., Implement stricter policies for data encryption and ensure regular training for employees on data protection practices. and Establish a clear incident response protocol to avoid public disputes over responsibility..
References
What is the most recent source of information about an incident ?
Most Recent Source: The most recent source of information about an incident is KPRC 2 Investigates.
Investigation Status
What is the current status of the most recent investigation ?
Current Status of Most Recent Investigation: The current status of the most recent investigation is Ongoing (Dispute Over Responsibility; No Formal Investigation Details Provided).
Stakeholder and Customer Advisories
What was the most recent customer advisory issued ?
Most Recent Customer Advisory: The most recent customer advisory issued was an Letter from HR Director Jane E. Cheeks to HFD Members.
Post-Incident Analysis
What was the most significant root cause identified in post-incident analysis ?
Most Significant Root Cause: The most significant root cause identified in post-incident analysis was Employee failed to follow training guidelines regarding data encryption., Lack of access controls (no password protection) for the shared link.Human error in distributing the link without verifying security measures.Inadequate oversight of data-sharing practices by the City of Houston..
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Latest Global CVEs (Not Company-Specific)
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Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 7.7
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
References
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- https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/05fe6686a97fa0bcd3cf157805b3612033f975bc
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Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 8.7
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description
Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Integer Overflow vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures containing OIDs with oversized arcs. These arcs may be decoded as smaller, trusted OIDs due to 32-bit bitwise truncation, enabling the bypass of downstream OID-based security decisions. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.
Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 6.3
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description
Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine developed by the OISF (Open Information Security Foundation) and the Suricata community. Prior to versions 7.0.13 and 8.0.2, working with large buffers in Lua scripts can lead to a stack overflow. Users of Lua rules and output scripts may be affected when working with large buffers. This includes a rule passing a large buffer to a Lua script. This issue has been patched in versions 7.0.13 and 8.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves disabling Lua rules and output scripts, or making sure limits, such as stream.depth.reassembly and HTTP response body limits (response-body-limit), are set to less than half the stack size.
Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 7.5
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Description
Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine developed by the OISF (Open Information Security Foundation) and the Suricata community. In versions from 8.0.0 to before 8.0.2, a NULL dereference can occur when the entropy keyword is used in conjunction with base64_data. This issue has been patched in version 8.0.2. A workaround involves disabling rules that use entropy in conjunction with base64_data.
Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 7.5
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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Incident
Finding
Grade
Digital Assets
Every week, Rankiteo analyzes billions of signals to give organizations a sharper, faster view of emerging risks. With deeper, more actionable intelligence at their fingertips, security teams can outpace threat actors, respond instantly to Zero-Day attacks, and dramatically shrink their risk exposure window.
These are some of the factors we use to calculate the overall score:
Network Security
Identify exposed access points, detect misconfigured SSL certificates, and uncover vulnerabilities across the network infrastructure.
SBOM (Software Bill of Materials)
Gain visibility into the software components used within an organization to detect vulnerabilities, manage risk, and ensure supply chain security.
CMDB (Configuration Management Database)
Monitor and manage all IT assets and their configurations to ensure accurate, real-time visibility across the company's technology environment.
Threat Intelligence
Leverage real-time insights on active threats, malware campaigns, and emerging vulnerabilities to proactively defend against evolving cyberattacks.
Rankiteo is a unified scoring and risk platform that analyzes billions of signals weekly to help organizations gain faster, more actionable insights into emerging threats. Empowering teams to outpace adversaries and reduce exposure.
