Incident Score: Analysis & Impact (CCS1781130576)
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Rankiteo Score Impact Analysis
Key Highlights From The Incident Analysis
- Timeline of CCS (Cannabis Club Systems)'s Breach and lateral movement inside company's environment.
- Overview of affected data sets, including SSNs and PHI, and why they materially increase incident severity.
- How Rankiteo’s incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score.
- How this cyber incident impacts CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) Rankiteo cyber scoring and cyber rating.
- Rankiteo’s MITRE ATT&CK correlation analysis for this incident, with associated confidence level.
Full Incident Analysis Transcript
In this Rankiteo incident briefing, we review the CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) breach identified under incident ID CCS1781130576.
The analysis begins with a detailed overview of CCS (Cannabis Club Systems)'s information like the linkedin page: https://www.linkedin.com/company/ccs-cannabis-club-systems-, the number of followers: 0, the industry type: IT Services and IT Consulting and the number of employees: 2 employees
After the initial compromise, the video explains how Rankiteo's incident engine converts technical details into a normalized incident score. The incident score before the incident was 786 and after the incident was 718 with a difference of -68 which is could be a good indicator of the severity and impact of the incident.
In the next step of the video, we will analyze in more details the incident and the impact it had on CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) and their customers.
Cannabis Club Systems (CCS) / Nefos Solutions recently reported "Massive Data Exposure: Over 985,000 Photo IDs Left Unprotected in Cannabis Club Software Breach", a noteworthy cybersecurity incident.
Security researcher Sammy Azdoufal uncovered a severe data exposure involving over 985,000 photo IDs, including passports, driver’s licenses, and personal details, left publicly accessible on the internet due to critical security flaws in software used by cannabis clubs in Spain.
The disruption is felt across the environment, affecting PuffPal app, CCS verification and management software, and exposing 985,000 photo IDs (passports, driver’s licenses), names, phone numbers, home addresses, cannabis consumption habits, selfies, with nearly 985,000 records at risk.
In response, moved swiftly to contain the threat with measures like Shut down PuffPal app and vulnerable APIs, and began remediation that includes Replaced PuffPal with an independently audited app, severed ties with 9Series, and stakeholders are being briefed through Reported breach to Ireland’s Data Protection Authority (DPC), media inquiries addressed.
The case underscores how Resolved (PuffPal and APIs shut down), teams are taking away lessons such as Third-party software security risks, importance of independent audits, prioritizing security over functionality, timely GDPR compliance, and recommending next steps like Replace vulnerable software with independently audited solutions, enforce strong authentication, avoid hardcoded credentials, comply with GDPR disclosure timelines.
Finally, we try to match the incident with the MITRE ATT&CK framework to see if there is any correlation between the incident and the MITRE ATT&CK framework.
The MITRE ATT&CK framework is a knowledge base of techniques and sub-techniques that are used to describe the tactics and procedures of cyber adversaries. It is a powerful tool for understanding the threat landscape and for developing effective defense strategies.
MITRE ATT&CK® Correlation Analysis
Rankiteo's analysis has identified several MITRE ATT&CK tactics and techniques associated with this incident, each with varying levels of confidence based on available evidence. Under the Initial Access tactic, the analysis identified Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) with high confidence (90%), supported by evidence indicating unsecured public URLs requiring no authentication to access and Valid Accounts (T1078) with moderate to high confidence (70%), supported by evidence indicating weak club passwords that could be cracked with minimal effort. Under the Credential Access tactic, the analysis identified Unsecured Credentials: Credentials In Files (T1552.001) with high confidence (90%), supported by evidence indicating hardcoded Stripe API keys in CCS’s systems and Brute Force: Password Cracking (T1110.002) with moderate to high confidence (70%), supported by evidence indicating weak club passwords that could be cracked with minimal effort. Under the Collection tactic, the analysis identified Data from Local System (T1005) with high confidence (90%), supported by evidence indicating 985,000 photo IDs, names, addresses, and selfies exposed. Under the Exfiltration tactic, the analysis identified Transfer Data to Cloud Account (T1537) with moderate confidence (50%), supported by evidence indicating data stored at unprotected public URLs, accessible without authentication and Exfiltration Over C2 Channel (T1041) with lower confidence (30%), supported by evidence indicating no evidence of malicious access, but data was publicly exposed. Under the Defense Evasion tactic, the analysis identified Code Signing: Code Signing Policy Modification (T1553.006) with lower confidence (40%), supported by evidence indicating flawed development by third-party (9Series) prioritizing functionality over security and Valid Accounts: Default Accounts (T1078.001) with moderate confidence (60%), supported by evidence indicating unsecured admin portals and weak club passwords. Under the Impact tactic, the analysis identified Data Destruction (T1485) with lower confidence (20%), supported by evidence indicating no evidence of data destruction, but systems were shut down and Data Manipulation: Stored Data Manipulation (T1565.001) with lower confidence (30%), supported by evidence indicating potential for unauthorized access to modify exposed data. These correlations help security teams understand the attack chain and develop appropriate defensive measures based on the observed tactics and techniques.
Sources & References
- CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) Rankiteo Cyber Incident Details: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/ccs-cannabis-club-systems-/incident/CCS1781130576
- CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) CyberSecurity Rating page: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/ccs-cannabis-club-systems-
- CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) Rankiteo Cyber Incident Blog Article: https://blog.rankiteo.com/ccs1781130576-cannabis-club-systems-breach-may-2026/
- CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) CyberSecurity Score History: https://www.rankiteo.com/company/ccs-cannabis-club-systems-/history
- CCS (Cannabis Club Systems) CyberSecurity Incident Source: https://www.theverge.com/tech/947157/passports-data-breach-cannabis-club-systems-nefos-puffpal
- Rankiteo A.I CyberSecurity Rating methodology: https://www.rankiteo.com/Images/rankiteo_algo.pdf
- Rankiteo TPRM Scoring methodology: https://static.rankiteo.com/model/rankiteo_tprm_methodology.pdf