In 2012, North Korea executed a 16-day GPS jamming attack (April 28 – May 13) targeting South Korea, severely disrupting critical navigation and operational systems. The incident affected 1,016 airplanes and 254 ships, forcing reliance on backup systems and manual navigation, increasing collision risks and operational delays. The jamming extended to oil terminals, causing equipment disconnections and halting fuel distribution at multiple facilities. Additionally, the attack corrupted hard drive data in some systems, compounding recovery challenges. While no direct casualties were reported, the disruption threatened aviation safety, maritime trade, and energy infrastructure, exposing vulnerabilities in South Korea’s GPS-dependent sectors. The attack was attributed to North Korean military cyber units, underscoring its geopolitical intent to destabilize regional security and economic stability. The incident prompted South Korea to invest in GPS anti-jamming technologies and redundant navigation systems to mitigate future threats.