Comparison Overview

Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna

VS

Northwestern University

Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna

Via Zamboni, 33, Bologna, Italia, IT, 40126
Last Update: 2025-11-25
Between 800 and 849

Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna operates on the principle that every individual carries within themselves a unique and unrepeatable potential. Active listening and dialogue guide the work of the University of Bologna, which promotes, in all its activities, inclusion, equity, and diversity. The University of Bologna strongly supports the right to education, acknowledging commitment and merit, fostering resources to eliminate economic and social obstacles, investing in innovative measures and services to promote equal opportunities in the educational journey and personal growth of all students. With over nine centuries of history, the University of Bologna constantly renews itself, growing in numbers and dimensions: 5 Campuses, one branch in Buenos Aires, more than 260 degree programmes and 51 PhD programmes, 31 Departments, 97,000 students including 7,500 postgraduate students and 8,500 international students, over 6,000 academic and technical-administrative staff. The University of Bologna always aspires to the highest quality in teaching and research, achieving prominent positions in the main national and global rankings and cultivating a broad spectrum of relationships in Europe, America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. The University is aware of its potential to significantly contribute the common good. This permeates all its activities, thanks to direct involvement in co-creating value with society as a whole. A clear political direction and a constant desire for improvement translate into the ability to build strong connections with research entities, public institutions, the business world, and the third sector worldwide. Through cutting-edge educational approaches and the adoption of innovative methodologies, the University of Bologna responds to the changing educational and social needs, providing tools and skills in line with the demands of the contemporary world.

NAICS: 6113
NAICS Definition: Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools
Employees: 13,513
Subsidiaries: 1
12-month incidents
0
Known data breaches
0
Attack type number
0

Northwestern University

633 Clark St, Evanston, IL, 60208, US
Last Update: 2025-11-25
Between 800 and 849

Northwestern is one of the nation’s premier research universities, combining innovative teaching and pioneering research in a highly collaborative, multidisciplinary, and diverse environment. Northwestern provides both students and faculty exceptional opportunities for intellectual, personal, and professional growth in beautiful settings, with two campuses located on Lake Michigan: a 240-acre campus in Evanston, minutes north of Chicago, and a 25-acre campus in downtown Chicago. A third campus in Doha, Qatar was founded in 2008. For more information visit http://www.northwestern.edu

NAICS: 6113
NAICS Definition: Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools
Employees: 16,756
Subsidiaries: 18
12-month incidents
0
Known data breaches
0
Attack type number
0

Compliance Badges Comparison

Security & Compliance Standards Overview

https://images.rankiteo.com/companyimages/unibo.jpeg
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna
ISO 27001
ISO 27001 certification not verified
Not verified
SOC2 Type 1
SOC2 Type 1 certification not verified
Not verified
SOC2 Type 2
SOC2 Type 2 certification not verified
Not verified
GDPR
GDPR certification not verified
Not verified
PCI DSS
PCI DSS certification not verified
Not verified
HIPAA
HIPAA certification not verified
Not verified
https://images.rankiteo.com/companyimages/northwestern-university.jpeg
Northwestern University
ISO 27001
ISO 27001 certification not verified
Not verified
SOC2 Type 1
SOC2 Type 1 certification not verified
Not verified
SOC2 Type 2
SOC2 Type 2 certification not verified
Not verified
GDPR
GDPR certification not verified
Not verified
PCI DSS
PCI DSS certification not verified
Not verified
HIPAA
HIPAA certification not verified
Not verified
Compliance Summary
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna
100%
Compliance Rate
0/4 Standards Verified
Northwestern University
0%
Compliance Rate
0/4 Standards Verified

Benchmark & Cyber Underwriting Signals

Incidents vs Higher Education Industry Average (This Year)

No incidents recorded for Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna in 2025.

Incidents vs Higher Education Industry Average (This Year)

No incidents recorded for Northwestern University in 2025.

Incident History — Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna (X = Date, Y = Severity)

Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna cyber incidents detection timeline including parent company and subsidiaries

Incident History — Northwestern University (X = Date, Y = Severity)

Northwestern University cyber incidents detection timeline including parent company and subsidiaries

Notable Incidents

Last 3 Security & Risk Events by Company

https://images.rankiteo.com/companyimages/unibo.jpeg
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna
Incidents

No Incident

https://images.rankiteo.com/companyimages/northwestern-university.jpeg
Northwestern University
Incidents

No Incident

FAQ

Both Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company and Northwestern University company demonstrate a comparable AI Cybersecurity Score, with strong governance and monitoring frameworks in place.

Historically, Northwestern University company has disclosed a higher number of cyber incidents compared to Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company.

In the current year, Northwestern University company and Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company have not reported any cyber incidents.

Neither Northwestern University company nor Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company has reported experiencing a ransomware attack publicly.

Neither Northwestern University company nor Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company has reported experiencing a data breach publicly.

Neither Northwestern University company nor Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company has reported experiencing targeted cyberattacks publicly.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company nor Northwestern University company has reported experiencing or disclosing vulnerabilities publicly.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds any compliance certifications.

Neither company holds any compliance certifications.

Northwestern University company has more subsidiaries worldwide compared to Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company.

Northwestern University company employs more people globally than Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna company, reflecting its scale as a Higher Education.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds SOC 2 Type 1 certification.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds SOC 2 Type 2 certification.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds ISO 27001 certification.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds PCI DSS certification.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds HIPAA certification.

Neither Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna nor Northwestern University holds GDPR certification.

Latest Global CVEs (Not Company-Specific)

Description

Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using TypeScript/JavaScript and other languages. Prior to versions 19.2.16, 20.3.14, and 21.0.1, there is a XSRF token leakage via protocol-relative URLs in angular HTTP clients. The vulnerability is a Credential Leak by App Logic that leads to the unauthorized disclosure of the Cross-Site Request Forgery (XSRF) token to an attacker-controlled domain. Angular's HttpClient has a built-in XSRF protection mechanism that works by checking if a request URL starts with a protocol (http:// or https://) to determine if it is cross-origin. If the URL starts with protocol-relative URL (//), it is incorrectly treated as a same-origin request, and the XSRF token is automatically added to the X-XSRF-TOKEN header. This issue has been patched in versions 19.2.16, 20.3.14, and 21.0.1. A workaround for this issue involves avoiding using protocol-relative URLs (URLs starting with //) in HttpClient requests. All backend communication URLs should be hardcoded as relative paths (starting with a single /) or fully qualified, trusted absolute URLs.

Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 7.7
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description

Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.

Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 8.7
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description

Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Integer Overflow vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures containing OIDs with oversized arcs. These arcs may be decoded as smaller, trusted OIDs due to 32-bit bitwise truncation, enabling the bypass of downstream OID-based security decisions. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.

Risk Information
cvss4
Base: 6.3
Severity: LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Description

Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine developed by the OISF (Open Information Security Foundation) and the Suricata community. Prior to versions 7.0.13 and 8.0.2, working with large buffers in Lua scripts can lead to a stack overflow. Users of Lua rules and output scripts may be affected when working with large buffers. This includes a rule passing a large buffer to a Lua script. This issue has been patched in versions 7.0.13 and 8.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves disabling Lua rules and output scripts, or making sure limits, such as stream.depth.reassembly and HTTP response body limits (response-body-limit), are set to less than half the stack size.

Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 7.5
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Description

Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine developed by the OISF (Open Information Security Foundation) and the Suricata community. In versions from 8.0.0 to before 8.0.2, a NULL dereference can occur when the entropy keyword is used in conjunction with base64_data. This issue has been patched in version 8.0.2. A workaround involves disabling rules that use entropy in conjunction with base64_data.

Risk Information
cvss3
Base: 7.5
Severity: LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H